Current status of plant metabolite-based fabrication of copper/copper oxide nanoparticles and their applications: a review

Abstract

Since green mode of nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis is simple, advantageous and environment friendly relative to chemical and physical procedures, various plant species have been used to fabricate copper and copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu/CuO-NPs) owing to the presence of phytochemicals which often act as capping as well as stabilizing agent. These Cu/CuO-NPs are highly stable and used in the degradation of organic dyes like methylene blue and reduction of organic compounds such as phenols. They are also used as antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungal agent due to their cytotoxicity. They are also examined for agricultural crops growth and productivity. Cu-NPs increased the root and shoot growth of mung bean. In wheat plants, these particles reduced shoot growth; and enhanced the grain yield and stress tolerance through starch degradation. Similarly, CuO-NPs treated seedlings have shown reduced chlorophyll, carotenoid and sugar content, whereas proline and anthocyanins were increased in Brassica rapa seedlings. Overall, this review presents the recent understanding of plant-mediated Cu and CuO-NPs fabrication and their application in biomedicine, environmental remediation and agricultural practices. A comparison of the traditional/conventional method of fabrication of NPs with those of green protocols has also been made. Some misconception of copper chemistry has also been critically discussed in terms of oxidation and reduction reactions.

Efficacy Assessment of Biosynthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) on Stored Grain Insects and Their Impacts on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plant

“…Once the fungal biomass was mixed with CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, its color was changed from colorless to greenish-brown. These color changes were due to the reduction of Cu +2 to nanoscale CuO via enzymes and proteins in the fungal biomass [ 35 , 36 ]. The bioreduction processes were dependent on the number of metabolites present in the biomass filtrate, which enhance the production process, decrease the aggregation, and produce a smaller size [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Green synthesis, characterization, antibacterial and photocatalytic activity of black cupric oxide nanoparticles

“…In the present study, we fabricated the CuO-NPs of 5.9 to 21.8 nm via green route, which has received more attention because of the eco-friendly and cost-effective approach [10]. Biogenic fabrication of NPs from plant material has been reported earlier, where various phytochemicals, ranging from primary metabolites to low molecular weight secondary metabolites, for instance terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, quinones, etc., have been reported [30,31].…”

Metal-Pseudomonas veronii 2E Interactions as Strategies for Innovative Process Developments in Environmental Biotechnology

“…In literature, a wide range of absorption wavelengths within UV-visible spectrum were reported, depending on obtaining methods, originating copper salts and coating compounds. Therefore, Cu-NPs synthesis conditions contributed to their stabilization and played relevant roles in final solution properties and spectrophotometric responses and could be differentiated from CuO-NPs ( Ammar et al, 2019 ; Thiruvengadam et al, 2019 ; Noman et al, 2020 ; Siddiqi and Husen, 2020 ). In addition, SEM images revealed approximately 20 nm-size extracellular NPs, coincident with other biogenic Cu-NPs from different sources ( Ghosh, 2018 ; Siddiqi and Husen, 2020 ).…”