Current Status, Perspectives, and Future Directions of Multivessel Disease and Left Main Coronary Disease: Its Treatment by PCI or Surgery

Abstract

MVD has evolved from an era where it was mandatory to treat all lesions, even very thin vessels. With the advent of more realistic anatomical scores such as the ERACI score and the gradient measurements with the fractional flow of reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iwFR), a more conservative era has begun, which benefits the patient in the long-term follow-up. The treatment of the LMCA remains a challenging lesion because of the amount of irrigation. It can be divided the treatment of the LMCA with a low or high ERACI score, in the first group is where the PCI has gained in confidence and dedication in addition to knowledge and bifurcation techniques. The second group with high score can only be performed in centers with high PCI experience, since their alternative will always be surgical as the first choice. The revascularization in MVD with STEMI, the priority is the culprit vessel and then evaluate the underlying lesions, an invasive or with a functional test in the short term. The patient with DM is a singular patient, and its treatment should always be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. We believe that patients with low ERACI score have the possibility of being treated with PCI, but patients with high score are surgical.