Current strategies for enhancement of the bioactivity of artificial ligaments: A mini-review

Li, Shenglin; Wang, Shuhan; Li, Wenliang; Zhang, Chao; Song, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.jot.2022.07.011

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Even with this simple model, we found that the stress–strain relationship varied with the elastin content and distribution, as well as the type of stress applied to the ligament. Such information would be useful for the generation of novel biomaterials, such as, for example, the creation of artificial ligaments [ 31 ]. In addition, the inclusion of elastin in precise simulations may lead to the elucidation of ligament damage and rupture mechanisms and the prevention of ligament injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastin is responsible for the rigidity of the ligament under shear and rotational stress: a mathematical simulation study

Naya

Takanari

2023

J Orthop Surg Res

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Background An accurate understanding of the mechanical response of ligaments is important for preventing their damage and rupture. To date, ligament mechanical responses are being primarily evaluated using simulations. However, many mathematical simulations construct models of uniform fibre bundles or sheets using merely collagen fibres and ignore the mechanical properties of other components such as elastin and crosslinkers. Here, we evaluated the effect of elastin-specific mechanical properties and content on the mechanical response of ligaments to stress using a simple mathematical model. Methods Based on multiphoton microscopic images of porcine knee collateral ligaments, we constructed a simple mathematical simulation model that individually includes the mechanical properties of collagen fibres and elastin (fibre model) and compared with another model that considers the ligament as a single sheet (sheet model). We also evaluated the mechanical response of the fibre model as a function of the elastin content, from 0 to 33.5%. Both ends of the ligament were fixed to a bone, and tensile, shear, and rotational stresses were applied to one of the bones to evaluate the magnitude and distribution of the stress applied to the collagen and elastin at each load. Results Uniform stress was applied to the entire ligament in the sheet model, whereas in the fibre model, strong stress was applied at the junction between collagen fibres and elastin. Even in the same fibre model, as the elastin content increased from 0 to 14.4%, the maximum stress and displacement applied to the collagen fibres during shear stress decreased by 65% and 89%, respectively. The slope of the stress–strain relationship at 14.4% elastin was 6.5 times greater under shear stress than that of the model with 0% elastin. A positive correlation was found between the stress required to rotate the bones at both ends of the ligament at the same angle and elastin content. Conclusions The fibre model, which includes the mechanical properties of elastin, can provide a more precise evaluation of the stress distribution and mechanical response. Elastin is responsible for ligament rigidity during shear and rotational stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastin is responsible for the rigidity of the ligament under shear and rotational stress: a mathematical simulation study

Naya

Takanari

2023

J Orthop Surg Res

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“…In severely injured knee ligaments, the surgical reconstruction of impaired tendons with autologous grafts is a preferred strategy [ 5 , 6 ], but polymeric constructs have also been validated as viable alternatives for the guided regeneration of ligaments [ 7 , 8 ]. In either case, the clinical success of knee ligament reconstruction requires proper graft positioning and solid bone fixation, achieved by using direct or indirect fixation devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver/Graphene Oxide Nanostructured Coatings for Modulating the Microbial Susceptibility of Fixation Devices Used in Knee Surgery

Constantinescu,

Niculescu,

Hudiță

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Exploring silver-based and carbon-based nanomaterials’ excellent intrinsic antipathogenic effects represents an attractive alternative for fabricating anti-infective formulations. Using chemical synthesis protocols, stearate-conjugated silver (Ag@C18) nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanosheets (nGOs) were herein obtained and investigated in terms of composition and microstructure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations revealed the formation of nanomaterials with desirable physical properties, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the high purity of synthesized nanomaterials. Further, laser-processed Ag@C18-nGO coatings were developed, optimized, and evaluated in terms of biological and microbiological outcomes. The highly biocompatible Ag@C18-nGO nanostructured coatings proved suitable candidates for the local modulation of biofilm-associated periprosthetic infections.

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Toward the Improvement of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Braided Ligament for ACL Reconstruction: A “Carrot and Stick” Strategy

Li,

Wang,

Shao

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Bone tunnel enlargement has been troubling the clinical adoption of braided artificial ligaments for decades, to which mechanical and tribological performance promotion shall be an effective and promising approach. Herein, a “carrot and stick” strategy has been introduced with two types of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers to fabricate hybrid textures, which is expected to advance fatigue and tribological performance without yielding essential mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Owing to advancements in such a “carrot and stick” strategy, the obtained grafts present three promising properties: i) enhancement of mechanical strength; ii) COF reduction of 25% at the greatest extent, thus lowering the risk of bone tunnel enlargement; iii) final displacement shrinkage of graft length after cyclic loadings, favored in the clinic for isometric reconstruction. The results obtained in this study show that the “carrot and stick” strategy can be a creative and convenient method to optimize the service life, saving the complication rate of artificial ligaments for clinical applications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Current strategies for enhancement of the bioactivity of artificial ligaments: A mini-review

Cited by 5 publications

References 111 publications

Elastin is responsible for the rigidity of the ligament under shear and rotational stress: a mathematical simulation study

Elastin is responsible for the rigidity of the ligament under shear and rotational stress: a mathematical simulation study

Silver/Graphene Oxide Nanostructured Coatings for Modulating the Microbial Susceptibility of Fixation Devices Used in Knee Surgery

Toward the Improvement of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Braided Ligament for ACL Reconstruction: A “Carrot and Stick” Strategy

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