Current Technologies for Biological Treatment of Textile Wastewater–A Review

Abstract

The release of colored wastewater represents a serious environmental problem and public health concern. Color removal from textile wastewater has become a big challenge over the last decades, and up to now, there is no single and economically attractive treatment method that can effectively decolorize the wastewater. Effluents from textile manufacturing, dyeing, and finishing processes contain high concentrations of biologically difficult-to-degrade or even inert auxiliaries, chemicals like acids, waxes, fats, salts, binders, thickeners, urea, surfactants, reducing agents, etc. The various chemicals such as biocides and stain repellents used for brightening, sequestering, anticreasing, sizing, softening, and wetting of the yarn or fabric are also present in wastewater. Therefore, the textile wastewater needs environmental friendly, effective treatment process. This paper provides a critical review on the current technology available for decolorization and degradation of textile wastewater and also suggests effective and economically attractive alternatives.

Biodegradation of anthraquinone based dye using an isolated strain Staphylococcus hominis subsp. hominis DSM 20328

“…[6]. In the past few decades, there has been tremendous increase in the development of costeffective and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional wastewater treatment methods and the bioremediation has emerged as the most desirable approach [7,8].…”

Bacterial degradation and decolorization of textile dyes by newly isolated Lysobacter sp.

“…Although numerous microorganisms can decolorize such dyes, only a few are able to mineralize these compounds into CO 2 and H 2 O (Junghanns et al, 2008). These include bacteria, fungi and algae, capable of decolorizing a wide range of dyes with high efficiency (Chen et al, 2015;Khan and Malik, 2014;Saratale et al, 2013;Sarayu and Sandhya, 2012;Fu and Viraraghavan, 2001).…”

Treatment of Textile Wastewater and Sludge through Advanced Oxidation Process

“…The production of highly oxidizing species is enhanced by applying ultraviolet light on Fenton reactants, supporting sustained chemical reactions as well as an increase in efficiency compared to other AOP-based methods for the degradation of different recalcitrant pollutants [19]. However, for improvement of wastewater treatment and to minimize cost different combinations of chemicals can be applies at once [20].…”