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Abstract

Yet another step forward appears to liave been made in the task of differentiating the still unknown "pyrexias of uncertain origin." In the R. A. M. C. Journal (March 1910) Lt.-Col. C. Birt, R a.mc., lias an excellent article on what he calls " Phlebotomus fever in Malta and Crete." The symptoms are not in themselves remarkable: fever 3 or 4 days, frontal headache, flushed face, heavy half open eyes, pains in back and limbs, white-coated tongue and constipation. The disease in Crete among the soldiers obtained the slang name of " pink eye.Apparently great use is made in army returns of the Nomenclature heading " pyrexias of uncertain origin," as in 1909 out of 269 cases of fever only 1 was Malta fever (happily banished), 12 were enteric and 256 are returned as "of uncertain origin," and the vast majority of these fevers were of short duration, lasting 2 to 5 days only, and 65 per cent, of such cases were in men who had lived less than a year in Malta.Serum agglutination examinations made in 47 instances excluded the well-known continued fevers.The history is that of being bitten by "sandflies."The common sandfly of Malta and Crete is P. papatasi, and is common from April throughout the summer. These phlebotomi have been caught in numbers gorged with the soldiers' blood, they have been kept in cages, and finally, the pluck and public spirit of, the gunners of the 99th Co. R. G. Artillery has enabled'a series of voluntary experiments to be made, with infected phlebotomi, showing that this insect could and did convey the disease. Lt. H. G. Gibson, li.A.M.c., and Lt. H. S. Ranken, r.a.m.c., also volunteered to be experimented upon.We refer our readers to the article from which we quote for details of the experiments in Malta and in London. Lt.-Col. Birt sums up his able article by taking it as " proved" (1) that the blood of a person suffering from phlebotomus fever is virulent during the first day ;(2) that the virus can pass through a Pasteur- May, 1910.] IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN BLOOD-STAINS. 183 Chamberland Candle " F ; (3) that the phlebotomus papatasii can convey the infection; (4)

Moderating effects of positive symptoms of psychosis in suicidal ideation among adults diagnosed with schizophrenia

“…Suicide is among the leading causes of death for adults diagnosed with schizophrenia (De Hert et al, 2001; Lambert and Naber, 2012; Tarrier et al, 2013), with risk estimates being over eight times greater than among the general population (American Psychiatric Association, 2003). Data illustrate that up to 50% of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia experience suicidal thoughts (Simms et al, 2007), up to 50% make suicide attempts (Pompili et al, 2007), and 4–13% end life by suicide (De Hert et al, 2001; Simms et al, 2007).…”

“…More specifically, findings indicate that risk is increased when an individual is single, male, White/Caucasian, unemployed, and has a higher level of education (Lambert and Naber, 2012; Tarrier et al, 2013). However, aside from these demographic associations, the leading research on risk for suicide among adults diagnosed with schizophrenia focuses on psychiatric factors, most specifically symptoms of depression.…”

Integrierte Versorgung von Patienten mit psychotischen Erkrankungen nach dem Hamburger Modell: Teil 1

“…Psychosen sind hochkomplexe Erkrankungen deren Verlauf und Prognose möglicherweise maßgeblich von der Qualität der Behandlung abhängt. Tragweite und Komplexität lassen sich anhand folgender Forschungsergebnisse belegen [1,2]: ▶ Psychosen sind relativ häufige Erkrankungen:…”

Symptoms of Depression, Positive Symptoms of Psychosis, and Suicidal Ideation Among Adults Diagnosed With Schizophrenia Within the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness

“…For individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, suicide is currently among the leading causes of death (Lambert & Naber, 2012; Tarrier et al, 2013) with risk estimates being over eight times greater than among the general population (American Psychiatric Association, 2003). Epidemiologic data suggests that 40–50% of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia experience suicidal thoughts (Simms, McCormack, Anderson, & Mulholland, 2007), 20–50% of which make suicide attempts (Pompili et al, 2007) and 4–13% end life by suicide (Simms et al, 2007).…”

“…More specifically, data indicate that risk is increased when an individual is single, male, white, unemployed, and has a higher level of education. In addition to demographic characteristics, individuals who are impulsive, noncompliant with treatment recommendations, have greater insight, experience severe symptoms, and incurred a recent loss have increased risk for engagement in suicidal behaviors (Hawton et al, 2005; Lambert & Naber, 2012; Montross et al, 2005; Pompili et al, 2007; Radomsky et al, 1999; Tarrier et al, 2013). However, aside from the factors listed above, the leading psychiatric research on risk for suicide among adults diagnosed with schizophrenia focus on symptoms of depression.…”