Current trauma care system and trauma care training in China

Abstract

Trauma is a life-threatening “modern disease”. The outcomes could only be optimized by cost-efficient and prompt trauma care, which embarks on the improvement of essential capacities and conceptual revolution in addition to the disruptive innovation of the trauma care system. According to experiences from the developed countries, systematic trauma care training is the cornerstone of the generalization and the improvement on the trauma care, such as the Advance Trauma Life Support (ATLS). Currently, the pre-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) has been one of the essential elements of infrastructure of health services in China, which is also fundamental to the trauma care system. Hereby, the China Trauma Care Training (CTCT) with independent intellectual property rights has been initiated and launched by the Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association to extend the up-to-date concepts and techniques in the field of trauma care as well to reinforce the generally well-accepted standardized protocols in the practices. This article reviews the current status of the trauma care system as well as the trauma care training.

Cross-sectional study of the educational background and trauma knowledge of trainees in the “China trauma care training” program

“…The "three-link theory" similarly reflects the early damage control surgery, resuscitation care and post rehabilitation care components of the trauma care law. In addition, the staff in the emergency departments were the first individuals to accept the idea of trauma care and practice trauma care, which helped them to learn and accumulate trauma knowledge [7,17,18]. The reasons that the participants with a senior professional title obtained higher scores than individuals with lower ranking titles may be as follows: in China, before being transferred to other professional departments for treatment, the emergent critical trauma patients need a prehospital consultation, which is most frequently conducted by the medical staff with a senior professional title.…”

“…Furthermore, for the care of urban trauma patients, both the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) of the trauma branch of the American College of Surgeons and the Primary Trauma Care (PTC) of the International Primary Trauma Care Committee are professional and authoritative standard training programs on trauma care [22][23][24][25][26]. From 2010 to 2013, China's PTC was also very successful [7,27]. In light of this success, the trauma branch of the Chinese Medical Association and surgery branch of the Chinese Physicians Association initiated and launched the CTCT project in May 2015.…”

“…In the United States, different levels of trauma care courses are available for personnel with different educational backgrounds; for example, an advanced trauma life support (ATLS) course and a trauma evaluation and management course are available for medical students to learn ATLS-related concepts during their clinical training year [3][4][5]. China trauma care training (CTCT), initiated by the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, is a standardized training program for trauma providers in China that targets the deficiencies in trauma care in mainland China [6,7]. The 1.5-day course includes lectures, videos, a case conference and workshops.…”

“…The CTCT program aims to train medical practitioners to independently and effectively assess and treat patients with severe trauma, such as polytrauma. Initially launched in July 2016, the program has been held more than 80 times, and has included 5000 trainees in 22 provinces in mainland China through January 2019 [7,8].…”

Application of trauma time axis management in the treatment of severe trauma patients

“…There are some disadvantages such as poor treatment timeliness and patients stranded in the emergency room. 3 …”