Current treatment strategies and nanocarrier based approaches for the treatment and management of diabetic retinopathy

Selvaraj, Kousalya; Kuppusamy, Gowthamarajan; Karri, Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy; Barauah, Uday K; Vanka, Ravisankar; Jojo, Gifty M

doi:10.1080/1061186x.2017.1280809

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…Recently, hyperglycemia has been considered to be a major cause of DR damage 6 . The management for DR includes laser surgery, vitrectomy, and injection of corticosteroids or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents into the eye 7 . However, the effectiveness of the treatment of DR is still dissatisfied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Schizandrin A Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line ARPE-19 against HG-Induced Cell Injury by Regulation of miR-145

Dong

Cheng

Wan

et al. 2020

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes, which is the main cause of blindness among adults. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been proven to delay the development of DR. Nonetheless, the effect of Schizandrin A (SchA) on DR remains uninvestigated. The present study aimed to probe the protective effect of SchA on high-glucose (HG)-induced injury in ARPE-19 cells. We observed that SchA accelerated cell proliferation, prohibited apoptosis, and restrained pro-inflammatory cytokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HG-stimulated cells. Additionally, miR-145 expression was upregulated in HG and SchA co-treated cells, and miR-145 inhibition reversed the protective effect of SchA on HG-managed ARPE-19 cells. Interestingly, downregulated myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) was found in HG and SchA co-treated cells, and upregulation of MyD88 was observed in miR-145 inhibitor-transfected cells. Additionally, SchA hindered nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathways in HG-treated ARPE-19 cells. The findings validated that SchA could protect ARPE-19 cells from HG-induced cell injury by regulation of miR-145.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Schizandrin A Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line ARPE-19 against HG-Induced Cell Injury by Regulation of miR-145

Dong

Cheng

Wan

et al. 2020

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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“…Liposomes are non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and have the following advantages as carriers in drug delivery: first, liposomes can reduce toxicity; second, hydrophilic and lipophilic agents can be incorporated into liposomes; third, liposomes control the drug release; and fourth, the liposome delivery system increases bioavailability 12 . However, because quercetin has the disadvantage of low solubility in vivo and short cycle time, we synthesized a PEGL carrier to load quercetin to improve its biological activity in vivo 20,21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liposomes are the most studied particle carrier systems allowing sustained release, and have the potential of enhancing the oral bioavailability of proteins and peptides 10 . Liposomes are small spherical lipid vesicles, composed of phospholipids and cholesterol, characterized on size, number of lamellae, and inner/outer phases 11,12 . Liposomes have good cell compatibility, reduce drug toxicity, improve drug stability and function for a long time 13 , and have been used to deliver drugs including antibiotic, antifungal, and cytotoxic agents 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Quercetin liposomes ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The effects of quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) was investigated in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish a STZ induced DN model. DN rats randomly received one of the following treatments for 8 weeks: blank treatment (DN), free quercetin (Que), pegylated liposomes (PEGL) and pegylated quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL). A group of healthy rats served as the normal control. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weights (BWs), renal hypertrophy index (rHI), serum and urine biochemistry, renal histopathology, oxidative stress and immunohistochemical measurements of AGEs were analyzed to compare the effect of different treatments. Que and Q-PEGL significantly improved DN biochemistry and pathological changes, although the treated rats still had some symptoms of DN. The therapeutic effect of Q-PEGL surpassed that of Que. Pegylated quercetin liposomes allow maintaining higher quercetin concentrations in plasma than non-encapsulated quercetin. In conclusion the use of quercetin liposomes allows to reduce disease symptoms in a rat model of DN.Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired body's ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin 1 . Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of DM and causes long-term or end-stage renal disease 2 . Multifactorial interaction between lipid disorders, oxidative stress, renal hemodynamic changes, polyol activation, inflammatory pathways, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of DN 3,4,7 . Therefore, strong antioxidants could potentially serve as treatments to diabetes related diseases 5 Quercetin (C 15 H 10 O 7 ,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a potent dietary bioflavonoid found in diverse fruits, seeds, and vegetables such as legumes, apples, and chili peppers 4-7 . Pharmacological studies in humans show that quercetin has multiple biological functions including circulation system protection, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and cataract prevention 7 . Another important attribution of quercetin is to reduce aldose reductase, which is an enzyme that converts glucose to sorbitol through polyol pathway 5 .Natural quercetin has poor water solubility, therefore, quercetin liposomes are laboratory-prepared to improve its solubility and in vivo absorbability 7-9 . Liposomes are the most studied particle carrier systems allowing sustained release, and have the potential of enhancing the oral bioavailability of proteins and peptides 10 . Liposomes are small spherical lipid vesicles, composed of phospholipids and cholesterol, characterized on size, number of lamellae, and inner/outer phases 11,12 . Liposomes have good cell compatibility, reduce drug toxicity, improve drug stability and function for a long time 13 , and have been used to deliver drugs including antibiotic, antifungal, and cytotoxic agents 14 . Coating inert biocompatible polymers, such as PEG, on the liposom...

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic metabolic disease that compromises the quality of life of patients, with its numbers continuously increasing [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1.5 million deaths each year in worldwide [2], being one the most frequent cause of mortality in developed countries [1,3,4,5,6]. The incidence of diabetes is expected to be about 366 million in 2030 due to many factors, especially attributed to the increased percentage of population older than 65 years and to the sedentary lifestyle [7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Diabetes Complications

et al. 2019

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Diabetes mellitus, an incurable metabolic disease, is characterized by changes in the homeostasis of blood sugar levels, being the subcutaneous injection of insulin the first line treatment. This administration route is however associated with limited patient’s compliance, due to the risk of pain, discomfort and local infection. Nanoparticles have been proposed as insulin carriers to make possible the administration of the peptide via friendlier pathways without the need of injection, i.e., via oral or nasal routes. Nanoparticles stand for particles in the nanometer range that can be obtained from different materials (e.g., polysaccharides, synthetic polymers, lipid) and are commonly used with the aim to improve the physicochemical stability of the loaded drug and thereby its bioavailability. This review discusses the use of different types of nanoparticles (e.g., polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, niosomes, micelles, nanoemulsions and also drug nanosuspensions) for improved delivery of different oral hypoglycemic agents in comparison to conventional therapies.

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Current treatment strategies and nanocarrier based approaches for the treatment and management of diabetic retinopathy

Cited by 32 publications

References 193 publications

RETRACTED: Schizandrin A Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line ARPE-19 against HG-Induced Cell Injury by Regulation of miR-145

RETRACTED: Schizandrin A Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line ARPE-19 against HG-Induced Cell Injury by Regulation of miR-145

Quercetin liposomes ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats

Nanoparticle Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Diabetes Complications

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