Current trends in bio‐based elastomer materials

Abstract

Elastomers play an irreplaceable role in our society due to their unique properties. Natural rubber is directly obtained from plants and is widely used in tires, shoes, etc. Recently, modified natural rubbers are proposed to expand the application of natural rubber. However, these natural rubbers have a limited variety of molecular structures and may not be able to meet ever-demanding applications. Traditional synthetic elastomers have a variety of molecular structures and their properties are used in various fields, but mainly originate from fossil resources. This review deals with bio-based elastomers, and more specifically natural rubber and bio-based synthetic elastomers. Based on reprocessability, bio-based elastomers can also be divided into bio-based chemically cross-linked ones and thermoplastic ones. Compared to traditional fossil-based elastomers, bio-based ones may alleviate environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development of the elastomer industry. K E Y W O R D Sbio-based elastomers, chemically cross-linked, natural rubber, synthetic rubber INTRODUCTIONElastomers are polymeric materials possessing low modulus and high elasticity, and can rapidly recover their orig-This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Bio‐Based, Recyclable and Self‐Healing Polyurethane Composites with High Energy Dissipation and Shape Memory

“…[19] Currently, bio-based polyurethanes are mainly fabricated based on bio-based polyols, such as vegetable oils, lignin, and bio-based polyesters. [20][21][22] In addition, polylactic acid (PLA) is also a bio-based product that is often used to fabricate plastics. [23] According to loss area theory, the rich side methyl structure in PLA makes it a potential material for use in damping polyurethane designs such as HTBN and HTSSBR.…”

Facile and Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Polylactide-Based Medical Microparts through Combining the Microinjection Molding Intense Shear Stress Field and Annealing Strategy

“…As the most promising biodegradable aliphatic thermoplastic polyester, poly­( l -lactic acid) (PLLA) has been receiving a great deal of attention owing to its superior mechanical properties, nontoxicity of the degradation products, and slower degradation rates in physiological conditions. − In addition, PLLA has a much lower elastic modulus than the traditional medicinal metals (e.g., Ti alloys), which would mitigate the stress-shielding effect when used as a load-bearing implant. However, the intrinsic brittleness and the poor heat deformation resistance of PLLA seriously restrict their clinical applications. , On the other hand, as far as the traditional approaches for PLLA modification are concerned, there is a contradiction between the strength and the ductility, that is, the enhancement of fracture toughness would usually sacrifice the strength and modulus of the formulated PLLA. − How to balance the mechanical strength and the toughness is a critical issue that needs to be resolved in the preparation of bone screws.…”

Synthesis of bio-based polyester elastomers and evaluation of their in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability as biomedical materials

“…In previous work, our group first designed and synthesized all-bio-based polyester elastomer materials from 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol, succinic acid, sebacic acid and itaconic acid, with excellent mechanical properties. [31][32][33][34] The Young's modulus of the obtained materials could be adjusted between 0.1 and 16 MPa, and the elongation at break could reach 500%. Permanent deformation could be controlled within 15%, indicating the good resilience of the bio-based polyester elastomers.…”