Current Understanding and Management of Plasma Cell Mastitis: Can We Benefit from What We Know?

et al. 2023

eLife

Background: Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a nonbacterial breast inflammation with severe and intense clinical manifestation yet treatment methods for PCM are still rather limited. Although the mechanism of PCM remains unclear, mounting evidences suggest that the dysregulation of immune system is closely associated with the pathogenesis of PCM. Drug combinations or combination therapy could exert improved efficacy and reduced toxicity through hitting multiple discrete cellular targets.Methods: We have developed a knowledge graph architecture towards immunotherapy and systematic immunity that consists of herbal drug-target interactions with a novel scoring system to select drug combinations based on target-hitting rates and phenotype relativeness. To this end, we employed this knowledge graph to identify an herbal drug combination for PCM and we subsequently evaluated the efficacy of the herbal drug combination in clinical trial.Results: Our clinical data suggests that the herbal drug combination could significantly reduce the serum level of various inflammatory cytokines, downregulate serum IgA and IgG level, reduce the recurrence rate and reverse the clinical symptoms of PCM patients with improvements of general health status.Conclusions: In summary, we reported that an herbal drug combination identified by knowledge graph can alleviate the clinical symptoms of plasma cell mastitis patients. We demonstrated that the herbal drug combination holds great promise as an effective remedy for PCM, acting through the regulation of immunoinflammatory pathways and improvement of systematic immune level. In particular, the herbal drug combination could significantly reduce the recurrence rate of PCM, a major obstacle for PCM treatment. Our data suggests that the herbal drug combination is expected to feature prominently in future PCM treatment.Funding: Liu's lab was supported by grants from the Public Health Science and Technology Project of Shenyang (Grant: 22-321-32-18), Y. Yang's laboratory was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant: 81874301); the Fundamental Research Funds for Central University (Grant: DUT22YG122) and the Key Research project of 'be Recruited and be in Command' in Liaoning Province (2021JH1/10400050).Clinical trial number: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05530226.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An herbal drug combination identified by knowledge graph alleviates the clinical symptoms of plasma cell mastitis patients: A nonrandomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

eLife

“…In addition, we found that serum level of IgA and IgG level were markedly suppressed in the treatment group of herbal drug combination as compared to the control group (Figure 6). Of note, both IgA and IgG have been found to be crucial diagnostic serum markers for PCM patients 18 . Moreover, IgA is regarded as a major component of mucosal immunity which is closely related to the pathogenesis of PCM 19,20 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An herbal drug combination identified by knowledge graph alleviates the clinical symptoms of plasma cell mastitis patients: a nonrandomized controlled trial

et al. 2022

Preprint

BackgroundPlasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a nonbacterial breast inflammation with severe and intense clinical manifestation yet treatment methods for PCM are still rather limited. Although the mechanism of PCM remains unclear, mounting evidences suggest that the dysregulation of immune system is closely associated with the pathogenesis of PCM. Drug combinations or combination therapy could exert improved efficacy and reduced toxicity through hitting multiple discrete cellular targets.MethodsWe have developed a knowledge graph architecture towards immunotherapy and systematic immunity that consists of herbal drug-target interactions with a novel scoring system to select drug combinations based on target-hitting rates and phenotype relativeness. To this end, we employed this knowledge graph to identify an herbal drug combination for PCM and we subsequently evaluated the efficacy of the herbal drug combination in clinical trialResultsOur clinical data suggests that the herbal drug combination could significantly reduce the serum level of various inflammatory cytokines, downregulate serum IgA and IgG level, reduce the recurrence rate and reverse the clinical symptoms of PCM patients with improvements of general health status.ConclusionsIn summary, we reported that an herbal drug combination identified by knowledge graph can alleviate the clinical symptoms of plasma cell mastitis patients. We demonstrated that the herbal drug combination holds great promise as an effective remedy for PCM, acting through the regulation of immunoinflammatory pathways and improvement of systematic immune level. In particular, the herbal drug combination could significantly reduce the recurrence rate of PCM, a major obstacle for PCM treatment. Our data suggests that the herbal drug combination is expected to feature prominently in future PCM treatment.FundingLiu’s lab was supported by grants from the Public Health Science and Technology Project of Shenyang (Grant: 22-321-32-18);Y. Yang’s laboratory was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant: 81874301), the Fundamental Research Funds for Central University (Grant: DUT22YG122) and the Key Research project of ‘be Recruited and be in Command’ in Liaoning Province (Personal Target Discovery for Metabolic Diseases).Clinical trial numberClinicalTrials.gov:NCT05530226

“…According to different clinicopathological features, it can be divided into 4 stages: duct dilatation, inflammation, abscess, and fistula. [6] Accessory breast is also called supernumerary breast or polymastia. In normal development, most embryologic mammary ridges resolve, except for 2 segments in the pectoral region, which later become breasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to different clinicopathological features, it can be divided into 4 stages: duct dilatation, inflammation, abscess, and fistula. [6]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duct ectasia of bilateral accessory breast associated with pituitary microadenoma: a case report and literature review

Han

et al. 2023

Emerg Crit Care Med

BackgroundMammary duct ectasia is an acute or chronic inflammatory breast disease that occurs mainly in nonlactating women. It rarely occurs in the accessory breast. The etiology of this condition remains unclear. The long course and complex clinical manifestations of this disease in some patients make it easy to misdiagnose.Case PresentationHerein, we report a case of bilateral accessory breast duct ectasia. A 34-year-old nonlactating Chinese woman presented with a mass in the right axilla. Physical examination and ultrasonography revealed inflammatory lesions in both accessory breasts. Laboratory data and magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperprolactinemia and pituitary microadenoma. Penicillin and bromocriptine were administered to prevent infection and reduce serum prolactin levels. We performed a simple mastectomy of the bilateral accessory breasts. The outcome was satisfactory.ConclusionThis article reports the first case of bilateral accessory breast associated with pituitary microadenoma and reviews the literature to provide a reference for clinicians.