Current Understandings and Directions for Future Research

Shultz, Sandra J.; Schmitz, Randy J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56558-2_28

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…These measurements also had moderate-to-strong positive associations with isokinetic peak torque (PkTQ) and squat jump (SJ) peak vertical ground reaction force [18]. Compartmental lean mass assessments address calls [19,20] for more detailed body composition analysis methods to examine how body composition contributes to dysfunctional lower extremity biomechanics and re-injury risk. Adolescent female athletes with prior ACLR might most benefit from upper-leg compartmental lean mass assessments to inform individualized rehabilitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Female Athletes Exhibit Relative Muscle Dysfunction After Return to Sport

et al. 2020

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We sought to examine the relationship between upper-leg compartmental lean mass, muscle-specific strength, and explosive strength following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Twleve adolescent female athletes with prior anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were individually-matched by age (16.4±0.9 vs. 16.4±1.0 yrs.), body mass index (23.2±2.1 vs. 23.2±2.7 kg/m2), and sport to 12 female athlete controls. One total-body and 2 lateral-leg dual X-ray absorptiometry scans measured total/segmental body composition. Isokinetic dynamometry measured knee extensor/flexor peak torque. Squat jumps on force platforms measured bilateral peak vertical ground reaction force. Paired t-tests assessed lean mass, peak torque, and force between previously-injured athletes’ legs and between previously-injured and control athletes’ legs. Previously-injured athletes’ involved vs. non-involved leg demonstrated lower total (7.13±0.75 vs. 7.43±0.99 kg; p<0.01) and anterior (1.49±0.27 vs. 1.61±0.23 kg; p<0.01) and posterior (1.90±0.19 vs. 2.02±0.21 kg; p=0.04) upper-leg lean mass. Involved leg peak torque (1.36±0.31; 1.06±0.27; 0.97±0.19 Nm/kg) was lower vs. non-involved leg (1.71±0.36; 1.24±0.33; 1.04±0.15 Nm/kg; p<0.01−0.02) for extension at 60 and 120°/sec and flexion at 60°/sec and vs. controls’ ‘matched’ leg (1.77±0.40 Nm/kg; p=0.01) for extension at 60°/sec. Involved leg force (296±45N) was lower vs. non-involved leg (375±55N; p<0.01) and vs. controls’ ‘matched’ leg (372±88N; p=0.02). One-year post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, adolescent female athletes’ involved leg demonstrated relative muscle dysfunction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Female Athletes Exhibit Relative Muscle Dysfunction After Return to Sport

et al. 2020

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“…Various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors have been suggested to increase athletes' primary and secondary ACL and HSI injury risk, including muscle strength asymmetries, dysfunctional neuromuscular activation, degree of joint laxity and flexibility, age, and gender, among others [104][105][106]. Specific to ACL injury, hamstring flexibility and decreased hamstring vs. quadriceps strength of the same leg ("quadriceps dominance") are primary injury risk factors [107][108][109], while secondary injury risk factors include prior ACL injury, persistent quadriceps strength asymmetry and muscle atrophy (e. g., CSA deficits), and neuromuscular dysfunction [109][110][111][112][113].…”

Section: Asymmetries and Injury Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, studies reporting an association between asymmetries and injury risk have primarily focused on asymmetries in function (strength, force, power) rather than muscle size/LSTM [97,109]. Quantifying regional LSTM and calculating U/L body mass ratios would allow sports practitioners to examine LSTM asymmetries that may hinder sport performance and contribute to functional asymmetries, which may increase athlete's primary or secondary injury risk [110].…”

Section: Return To Sport (Rts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Frontiers of Body Composition in Sport

Lukaski

Raymond‐Pope

2021

Int J Sports Med

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The body composition phenotype of an athlete displays the complex interaction among genotype, physiological and metabolic demands of a sport, diet, and physical training. Observational studies dominate the literature and describe the sport-specific physique characteristics (size, shape, and composition) of adult athletes by gender and levels of competition. Limited data reveal how body composition measurements can benefit an athlete. Thus, the objective is to identify purposeful measurements of body composition, notably fat and lean muscle masses, and determine their impact on the health and performance of athletes. Areas of interest include relationships among total and regional body composition measurements, muscle function, sport-specific performance, risk of injury, return to sport after injury, and identification of activity-induced fluid shifts. Discussion includes the application of specific uses of dual X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance including an emphasis on the need to minimize measurement errors and standardize protocols, and highlights opportunities for future research. This focus on functional body composition can benefit the health and optimize the performance of an athlete.

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Current Understandings and Directions for Future Research

Cited by 2 publications

References 265 publications

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Female Athletes Exhibit Relative Muscle Dysfunction After Return to Sport

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Female Athletes Exhibit Relative Muscle Dysfunction After Return to Sport

New Frontiers of Body Composition in Sport

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