Current update on psyllium and alginate incorporate for interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) and their biomedical applications

Shaikh, Mohammad Arshad Javed; Gilhotra, Ritu; Pathak, Sachchidanand; Mathur, Manas; Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.; Joshi, Navneet; Gupta, Gaurav

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.115

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Topological entanglement (or IPN) at the interface was achieved through the interdiffusion and cross-linking of the two different prepolymers, thus providing adhesion between the two polymers. For the IPN system, the adhesive properties depend on the degree of entanglement and can be classified according to the cross-linking mechanism as follows (Figure S8): (i) simultaneous IPN when the two prepolymers are sufficiently interdiffused and the topological entanglement of the two polymers is maximized through similar polymerization rates to ideally obtain strong adhesion, , (ii) sequential IPN where the preferential cross-linking of the first polymer makes the penetration of secondary polymer monomers difficult, resulting in insufficient entanglement of the two polymer networks, − and (iii) non-IPN where slight entanglement is observed between the polymers, leading to almost no interfacial adhesion between the rigid islands and stretchable regions and resulting in polymeric phase separation. Consequently, the key to achieving a robust hybrid stretchable polymer is to implement a design close to a simultaneous IPN.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugged Island-Bridge Inorganic Electronics Mounted on Locally Strain-Isolated Substrates

Lee,

Yea,

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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Various strain isolation strategies that combine rigid and stretchable regions for stretchable electronics were recently proposed, but the vulnerability of inorganic materials to mechanical stress has emerged as a major impediment to their performance. We report a strain-isolation system that combines heteropolymers with different elastic moduli (i.e., hybrid stretchable polymers) and utilize it to construct a rugged island-bridge inorganic electronics system. Two types of prepolymers were simultaneously cross-linked to form an interpenetrating polymer network at the rigid–stretchable interface, resulting in a hybrid stretchable polymer that exhibited efficient strain isolation and mechanical stability. The system, including stretchable micro-LEDs and microheaters, demonstrated consistent operation under external strain, suggesting that the rugged island-bridge inorganic electronics mounted on a locally strain-isolated substrate offer a promising solution for replacing conventional stretchable electronics, enabling devices with a variety of form factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugged Island-Bridge Inorganic Electronics Mounted on Locally Strain-Isolated Substrates

Lee,

Yea,

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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“…Its aqueous solution gels when it meets a certain concentration of metal ions, and the ratio of β‐ d ‐mannuronic acid and α‐ l ‐glucuronic acid determines the strength of the gel. Furthermore, the viscoelasticity of alginate gel and its chemical modification (such as sulfation and oxidation) can further affect the original physiological function of cells 79 . By modifying the natural sodium alginate hydrogel, we can produce a gel that simulates the cell's physiological environment by increasing the alginate gel's porosity and reducing its hardness to increase the vitality of the coated cell 80,81 .…”

Section: Classification and Characteristics Of In Situ Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the viscoelasticity of alginate gel and its chemical modification (such as sulfation and oxidation) can further affect the original physiological function of cells. 79 By modifying the natural sodium alginate hydrogel, we can produce a gel that simulates the cell's physiological environment by increasing the alginate gel's porosity and reducing its hardness to increase the vitality of the coated cell. 80,81 This is very necessary to obtain the best cell vitality and function.…”

Section: Sodium Alginatementioning

confidence: 99%

In situ gels: The next new frontier in ophthalmic drug delivery system

Sha

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Recently, the eye drug delivery system has received increasing attention. The in situ ophthalmic gel is a semisolid ophthalmic preparation that can be changed in the eyes immediately after the solution is administered, showing unique advantages as a new drug delivery system. Although there are still some problems to be solved, the in situ ophthalmic gel is a promising drug delivery system to treat ocular diseases, due to its properties in improving the bioavailability, prolonging the retention time of the drug, producing a sustained-release effect, and possessing little toxicity and irritation. In this review, the characteristics, classification, ocular barrier, and route of administration of in situ ophthalmic gel have been introduced in detail for expanding the horizon of nanoscale technologies in the treatment of ocular diseases in the foreseeable future.

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“…Alginate is an anionic and edible polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, called Phaeophyceae, Ascophyllum, Durvillaea, Ecklonia and Laminaria. [17,18,[51][52][53] Various methods such as acid hydrolysis, enzymatic degradation, and microbial fermentation have been employed in the extraction of alginate oligosaccharides which present superior biological activities. [54] Also, bacterial biosynthesis may provide alginate with more defined structures and physical properties than algae-derived alginate.…”

Section: Alginatementioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides for Medical Technology: Properties and Applications

Sukhavattanakul

Pisitsak

Ummartyotin

et al. 2022

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Over the past decade, the use of polysaccharides has gained tremendous attention in the field of medical technology. They have been applied in various sectors such as tissue engineering, drug delivery system, face mask, and bio‐sensing. This review article provides an overview and background of polysaccharides for biomedical uses. Different types of polysaccharides, for example, cellulose and its derivatives, chitin and chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate, and pectin are presented. They are fabricated in various forms such as hydrogels, nanoparticles, membranes, and as porous mediums. Successful development and improvement of polysaccharide‐based materials will effectively help users to enhance their quality of personal health, decrease cost, and eventually increase the quality of life with respect to sustainability.

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Current update on psyllium and alginate incorporate for interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) and their biomedical applications

Cited by 26 publications

References 81 publications

Rugged Island-Bridge Inorganic Electronics Mounted on Locally Strain-Isolated Substrates

Rugged Island-Bridge Inorganic Electronics Mounted on Locally Strain-Isolated Substrates

In situ gels: The next new frontier in ophthalmic drug delivery system

Polysaccharides for Medical Technology: Properties and Applications

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