Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia

Xia, Chichao; Li, Sile; Long, Teng; Chen, Zigui; Chan, Paul K.S.; Boon, Siaw Shi

doi:10.3390/cancers13112691

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 261 publications

(457 reference statements)

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“…Ideally, the biopsy collection and processing method should follow the standard protocol outlined in the Human papillomavirus Laboratory Manual by the World Health Organisation (WHO) [ 29 ]. In addition, HPV DNA should also be tested using validated HPV DNA detection platforms rather than those yet-to-be validated assays [ 30 ].…”

Section: Association Between Oncoviruses and Oesophageal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal carcinoma: The prevalence of DNA tumour viruses and therapy

Luk

Xia

et al. 2022

Tumour Virus Research

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Oesophageal carcinoma ranks the sixth leading cause of cancer death and affected 544,000 - 604,000 people in 2020. Patients often presented with a poor cancer prognosis with a low survival rate of 15–25%. Depending upon the cell type, oesophageal carcinoma is categorised into oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). ESCC is predominantly reported in developing countries, while EAC is more common in developed countries. Aside from the presence of exogenous co-factors, such as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); infection with oncogenic viruses is suspected to be one of the major factors contributing to EC development. Oncogenic viruses, including human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) have been detected in various proportions of EC samples. Nonetheless, their aetiological roles in EC remain debatable. In this review, we garnered previous studies that focus on the association between oncogenic viruses and EC. Among these oncogenic viruses, HPV appears to have a stronger association with EC than the others. In addition, we also discuss the pros and cons of the treatment regimens to treat EC patients, including immunotherapy, chemo- and chemoradiotherapy, and their efficacy.

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Section: Association Between Oncoviruses and Oesophageal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal carcinoma: The prevalence of DNA tumour viruses and therapy

Luk

Xia

et al. 2022

Tumour Virus Research

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“…For instance, HPV-31 and HPV-33 are more frequent in Europe and America, whereas HPV-52 and -58 are more prevalent in Asia and HPV-35 and -45 in Africa [ 4 ]. Recent a meta-analysis indicated the most prevalent genotypes were HPV-16, -52 and -58, followed by HPV-18, -31, -33 and -35 in women with normal uterine cervix in different regions of China [ 11 ]. Thus, acquiring updates on prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes among different areas will provide crucial information for decision on HPV vaccination program and development of new vaccine in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution in Shanghai, China

Xiang

Dai

et al. 2022

Virol J

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Background The evaluation of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence rate dynamics and genotype distribution could support the adoption of more targeted prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. We aimed to assess the infection status and genotype characteristics of HPV among gynecological outpatients in Shanghai, China. Methods Clinical specimens were collected from patients attending gynaecological department of the Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, between January 2015 and December 2019. The cervicovaginal infection of 17 high-risk genotypes and 10 low-risk genotypes were analyzed by Luminex-based multiple assays. Results The overall HPV infection rate was 18.81% (95% CI 18.31–19.30%) in Shanghai city, with high-risk, low-risk and mixed high- and low-risk HPV prevalence being 11.65% (95% CI 11.24–12.06%), 4.19% (95% CI 3.94–4.44%) and 2.96% (95% CI 2.74–3.17%), respectively. The five most prevalent high-risk genotypes were HPV-52 (2.95%), HPV-16 (2.34%), HPV-58 (2.07%), HPV-53 (1.67%) and HPV-39 (1.36%). The most common low-risk genotype was HPV-61 (1.52%), followed by HPV-6 (1.29%) and HPV-81 (1.19%). Moreover, the coverage of HPV genotype by nonavalent vaccine was 10.42%, and non-vaccine-covered high-risk genotype was 7.70%. The 15–24 years age group demonstrated the highest HPV prevalence (43.14%), and significant differences were observed among different age groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions This study revealed the HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among women in Shanghai city, which could serve as guidance for HPV vaccination and preventative strategies against cervical cancer in this area.

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“…The lowest frequency of HR-HP was related to HPV-33 (0, 35%), followed HPV-59 and HPV-35 with a frequency of 8 (3%). Global results indicate that HPV-16 (15.56–83.78%) is the most frequently identified HR strain in cancer [ 37 ]. In a study across different Iranian provinces, HPV-52 (3.2 and 9.6%) ranked as the second most common HR genotype, consistent with our findings [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevailing of HPV-16 and 52 genotype in 2022–2023 in Sanandaj, Iran

Haddadi,

Atefmehr,

Motlaghzadeh

et al. 2024

Virol J

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Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) presents a potential threat to the onset of carcinogenesis in the cervix, anogenital regions, and oropharynx. HPV encompasses over 200 types, with at least 12 having the potential to cause cancer, impacting the majority of sexually active individuals. In this current research, we explore the occurrence and spread of HPV genotypes. Material and methods During this cross-sectional study conducted in Sanandaj, Iran from Feb 2022 to Aug 2023, diverse samples including oral, vaginal, and genital were collected from individuals referred to private laboratories in Sanandaj, Iran. After sample collection and DNA extraction (FAVORGEN, Taiwan), they were subjected to PCR and genotyping (MehrViru, Iran). The subsequent statistical analysis unveiled infection rates across different demographics and age groups. STATA (version 17) were used for statistical analysis. We examined infection rates across demographics using t-tests and Odds Ratio. Results Overall, 26% (249) out of 950 cases tested positive for HPV, with 69% of these classified as high-risk. Among the examined population, 98% (933) were female, and 2% (17) were male. Females aged 31–40 exhibited the highest percentage of HPV prevalence (115/460) in the study with the majority of positive cases belonging to HR genotypes. The overall most frequent genotypes identified were 6, 16, 52, 53, 51, 58, and 56. HPV-16 exhibited the highest frequency among HR genotypes, accounting for 42 (17%) occurrences, followed by HPV-52 with a frequency of 32 (13%). Conclusion Our findings emphasize the significant prevalence of HPV among females, particularly in the 21–30 age group. The identification of high-risk genotypes, underscores the importance of targeted interventions for specific age cohorts. The age-stratified analysis highlights a consistent predominance of high-risk HPV across age groups, indicating the need for age-specific preventive measures. These results contribute valuable information for designing effective screening and vaccination strategies, to alleviate the impact of diseases associated with HPV.

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Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia

Cited by 22 publications

References 261 publications

Oesophageal carcinoma: The prevalence of DNA tumour viruses and therapy

Oesophageal carcinoma: The prevalence of DNA tumour viruses and therapy

Prevalence of cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution in Shanghai, China

Prevailing of HPV-16 and 52 genotype in 2022–2023 in Sanandaj, Iran

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