Current water uses, related risks, and management options for Seoul megacity, Korea

Lee, Jin Yong; Raza, Maimoona

doi:10.1007/s12665-017-7192-6

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The mean air temperature increased from 10.4 • C in 1909 to 13.4 • C in 2014 by an overall rate of 0.0238 • C/year, which is higher than global trends of 0.0066~0.0189 • C/year [16,19]. This trend has become more significant since the 1950s due to rapid urbanization and, correspondingly, the urban heat island (UHI) effect [16,20]. Since the UHI effect increases energy consumption, health problems (e.g., heat strokes), and surface water quality deterioration, a rapid increase in air temperature poses a serious IWRM challenge [21].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The frequency and intensity of torrential rainfall in summer also increased, resulting in a greater intra-annual rainfall variability [18]. The mean air temperature increased from 10.4 • C in 1909 to 13.4 • C in 2014 by an overall rate of 0.0238 • C/year, which is higher than global trends of 0.0066~0.0189 • C/year [16,19]. This trend has become more significant since the 1950s due to rapid urbanization and, correspondingly, the urban heat island (UHI) effect [16,20].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Seoul has been the capital of the country for more than 600 years since the foundation of the Joseon Dynasty in 1394. The geographical area of Seoul has expanded throughout history with the increasing population, and has shown explosive growth since the end of the Korean War in the early 1950s [16]. The total area of Seoul is 605.2 km 2 with a population of 10,112,070 as of 2017 [17].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population of Seoul increased from 1.7 million in 1950 to 10 million in 1992, with an average growth rate of 278,583/year. Since then, the population has stabilized at around 10 million due to elevated housing prices and the government policy of controlling urban sprawl by constructing satellite cities and towns around Seoul [16]. Currently, the population density is around 17,200/km 2 , which has been sustained for a decade.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as the sewer maintenance project is limited to only small redeveloping areas, it is unlikely to increase the portion of the separated sewer system in the short term unless there is a substantial change in local water policy. Also, adverse effects, such as land subsidence, from the aging of pipe systems are escalating [16]. Thus, along with expanding separate sewer systems, giving higher priority to the replacement of old pipes may reduce the water-related risks significantly.…”

Section: Sewer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Urban Water Management Sustainability of a Megacity: Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

Kim

Son

Lee

et al. 2018

Water

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Many cities are facing various water-related challenges caused by rapid urbanization and climate change. Moreover, a megacity may pose a greater risk due to its scale and complexity for coping with impending challenges. Infrastructure and governance also differ by the level of development of a city which indicates that the analysis of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and water governance are site-specific. We examined the status of IWRM of Seoul by using the City Blueprint®Approach which consists of three different frameworks: (1) Trends and Pressures Framework (TPF), (2) City Blueprint Framework (CBF) and (3) the water Governance Capacity Framework (GCF). The TPF summarizes the main social, environmental and financial pressures that may impede water management. The CBF assesses IWRM of the urban water cycle. Finally, the GCF identifies key barriers and opportunities to develop governance capacity. The results indicate that nutrient recovery from wastewater, stormwater separation, and operation cost recovery of water and sanitation services are priority areas for Seoul. Furthermore, the local sense of urgency, behavioral internalization, consumer willingness to pay, and financial continuation are identified as barriers limiting Seoul's governance capacity. We also examined and compared the results with other mega-cities, to learn from their experiences and plans to cope with the challenges in large cities.

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