Custom-Made Device (CMD) for the Repair of Thoraco-Abdominal Aneurysm (TAA): Mid-Long Term Outcomes from a Single Southeast Asian Centre Experience in Singapore

Abstract

Introduction: Given the high risk of peri-operative morbidity and mortality associated with open repair, endovascular repair for thoraco-abdominal aneurysms is increasingly performed. This study aims to describe mid to long-term results for patients who were treated with COOK Custom-Made Endograft Device at a single Southeast Asian tertiary centre. Methods: Mid to long-term results of patients treated from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Indications for treatment were aortic diameter > 5.5 cm, enlargement > 5 mm in 6 months or high-risk morphology. Clinical, operative, early to late complications and reintervention details were captured. The endpoints were technical success, primary patency and primary assisted patency. Results: Electronic medical records of 29 consecutive patients (64.4 ± 1.6 years old; 26/29 males 89.6%) were reviewed. 24/29 (83%) were hypertensive, and 20/29 (69%) were smokers. The mean diameter was 5.5 cm, and the majority were treated for Crawford type IV (19/29, 65.5%). Endograft deployment was 100%. Catheterisation of fenestration was successful in 109/116 (94%). 30-day mortality and morbidity were observed in 12/29 (41%), for which access site complications were most common. No significant haemorrhage or graft explant was recorded. The mean follow-up period was 32.4 months (range 1–108 months). Primary patency was 92.9% (95% CI: 83.8–100.0) at 6 months and decreased to 77.7% (95% CI: 63.4–95.2) at 24 months. Sac shrinkage or stability was noted in 17/29 (58.6%). Re-intervention was performed in 9/29 (31%) for limb occlusion (2/9, 22.2%), renal artery stent occlusion (1/9, 11.1%) and endoleaks (6/9, 66.6%). Assisted patency was maintained at 100% for 12 months before decreasing to 66.7% (95% CI: 37.9–100.0) at 24 months. Conclusions: The study reports the first mid-long-term result in this region, though limited by the sample size. Re-intervention at 30% suggests that disease and procedures remain challenging, emphasising the need to assimilate lessons and experience at high-volume centres.