Customary Killings in Turkey and Turkish Modernization

Ince, Hilal Onur; Yarali, Aysun; Özsel, Doğancan

doi:10.1080/00263200903009593

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Nowadays, the Italian family is more nuclear and characterized by more flexible and equitable gender roles (Risè 2003;Volpi 2007;Zola 2003). Regarding Turkey, the society is still characterized by a rather patriarchal organization and presents important gender differences that reflect male dominance and power (Onur Ince et al 2009;Sev'er 2005). The idea that it is the husband who has to provide for the family is still widespread, and early and/or forced marriages, bride price, and virginity testing continue to be quite common, especially in Eastern and South-Eastern rural areas (Alkan et al 2002;Altınay and Arat 2009;Parla 2001;Sev'er 2005;Sev'er and Yurdakul 2001;World Organisation Against Torture [OMCT] 2003).…”

Section: Possible Determinants Of Attitudes Toward Honour-related Violence Against Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Perception of Honour Killing in Individualist Versus Collectivistic Cultures: Comparison Between Italy and Turkey

2014

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Gender differences in the perception of honour killing were investigated in two countries, both traditionally considered honour cultures but with differing degrees of individualism and collectivism: Italy and Turkey. Ninety-six Turkish undergraduate students attending Istanbul University (40 % males, mean age = 21.2 years) and 68 Italian undergraduate students attending Turin University (34 % males, mean age = 24.6 years) filled in a questionnaire which assessed the perception of three honour killing scenarios (scenario 1: alleged adultery, scenario 2: adultery, scenario 3: adultery in flagrante delicto). The questionnaire measured the attribution of assailant and victim responsibility, the proposed punishment for the assailant, and the evaluation of the incidents as crimes. Results showed that regardless gender Turkish participants attributed more responsibility to the victim and less responsibility to the assailant, and proposed less severe punishments than the Italian participants. Moreover, Turkish men attributed less responsibility to the assailant and proposed less severe punishments than Turkish women. Finally, there was an interaction of gender by culture by scenario: Turkish women attributed less responsibility to the victim in the case of alleged adultery, compared to their male counterparts. These results are discussed in terms of the complex interaction between gender roles and the individualist versus collectivist social organization of Italy and Turkey, and the profound social changes that both countries have undergone in recent decades.

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Section: Possible Determinants Of Attitudes Toward Honour-related Violence Against Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Perception of Honour Killing in Individualist Versus Collectivistic Cultures: Comparison Between Italy and Turkey

2014

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“…Following the urbanisation boom in the 1960s, the problem of modernisation still constituted one of the main topics, but this time 'within' individuals via attitudes. Başaran (1969) compares Turkish (i.e., Türkmen) and Kurdish villagers from Diyarbakır regarding attitudesshe called-"social norms" towards urban lifestyle, polygamy, an equal share of the inheritance, schooling of girls, and vendetta, which is rooted in the semi-feudal, traditional, agricultural economy of many regions in Turkey that still remains an unsolved problem of modernisation project (İnce, Yarali & Özsel, 2009). Yet despite admitting the socio-economic conditions of the region, Başaran (1969) hid her political agenda by psychologising the social change phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Did ‘Turkish’ Psychology Become the Mainstream? A Discourse Analysis on the Trajectory of Its Colonial Legacy

Bayad,

Şen

2023

Palgrave Studies in Political Psychology

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Apart from a few studies after 2000, Kurds and Kurdishness are almost absent in psychology studies in Turkey. In this chapter, we argue that a domestic colonial mentality lies behind such a systematic denial that has eventually led psychology in Turkey to transform into a 'Turkish' psychology by systematically excluding various groups (i.e., Others) for the sake of the national progress principle of Turkish modernisation. We employ a decolonial approach (i.e., denaturalisation) to reveal the ruptures and continuities of colonial dichotomies via representations of Self (i.e., in-group) and Others (i.e., out-group) in psychology texts across the 20 th century by subjecting selected works of influential psychologists to discourse analysis.We found that while the 'Turkish' Self was re-constructed via Dominant, Progressive and Modern, various Others were re-constructed via Masses and Outdated interpretative repertoires across selected materials and time. As a first attempt to show a domestic colonial mentality pierced into various stages of psychological knowledge production in Turkey, our findings contribute to the critical psychology literature and open doors for further research on the scope and manifestation of coloniality in 'Turkish' psychology.

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“…Arab, Middle Eastern, and Far Eastern (e.g., India and Pakistan) collective cultures have been considered patriarchal societies in which a high premium is placed on family honor, and violence in response of violation of this honor is generally condoned (Baker et al, 1999; Baxi et al, 2006; Lowe et al, 2018). Prior studies within these countries indicate that women may violate norms of female chastity and “dishonor” their family in various ways, including losing their virginity before marriage, having an extramarital affair, acting autonomously by gaining education, leaving a husband, refusing an arranged marriage, or dressing non-traditionally (Doğan, 2016; İnce et al, 2009; Pope, 2012). In the context of the United States, where honor killings are substantially less prevalent but still occur, honor killings are mostly committed in response to the victim’s westernized behavior or the process of separation (Hayes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Honor Crimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honor Killings in the United States From 1990 to 2021: Primary Victims and Corollary Victims

Baak

Hayes

Freilich

et al. 2022

Crime & Delinquency

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Although honor killings often include multiple fatalities in the U.S., the situational circumstances of why these offenders target corollary victims remain unknown. We used open-source data from the U.S. Extremist Crime Database to qualitatively examine 66 primary and corollary victims of 26 honor killings in the U.S. between 1990 and December 2021. One third of the cases involved corollary victims, and half of all victims were corollary victims. Corollary victims were especially common when the primary victim was the offender’s (ex-)partner. These findings add to the growing body of knowledge that recognizes similarities between IPHs and honor killings.

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Customary Killings in Turkey and Turkish Modernization

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Gender Differences in the Perception of Honour Killing in Individualist Versus Collectivistic Cultures: Comparison Between Italy and Turkey

Gender Differences in the Perception of Honour Killing in Individualist Versus Collectivistic Cultures: Comparison Between Italy and Turkey

How Did ‘Turkish’ Psychology Become the Mainstream? A Discourse Analysis on the Trajectory of Its Colonial Legacy

Honor Killings in the United States From 1990 to 2021: Primary Victims and Corollary Victims

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