Cutaneous Larva Migrans in Travelers: Synopsis of Histories, Symptoms, and Treatment of 98 Patients

Jelı́nek, Tomáš; Maiwald, H.; Nothdurft, H. D.; Löscher, Thomas

doi:10.1093/clinids/19.6.1062

Cited by 162 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This disease, despite its low importance in comparison with other parasitic zoonosis, can cause clinical complications. In a study conducted in Germany on 98 patients with cutaneous larva migrans, which had been acquired after these individuals had traveled to tropical and subtropical areas, 28.9% reported having symptoms for more than one month, and one patient had symptoms for nine months (JELINEK et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Ferreira

Pena

Azevêdo

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites were assessed in fecal samples from 3,099 dogs in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, SP, that were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of São Paulo Veterinary School. The samples were analyzed using the flotation and centrifugal sedimentation methods. The results were compared with those from previous studies (at different times). The frequency of each parasite was correlated with the dogs' ages, breeds and gender, as well as the occurrences of diarrhea and the use of anthelmintics, by means of the chi-square or Fisher exact test. Partitioned chi-square tests were used to compare occurrences of each parasite and the times analyzed. Out of the total number of samples, 20.5% were positive and 16.1% (102/635) of these presented more than one genus of parasites. Ancylostoma spp. (7.1%) and Giardia spp. (5.5%) were the most frequent helminths and protozoa, respectively. Ancylostoma spp. was associated (p<0.05) with age (over one year), mixed breeds, sex (male) and no use of anthelmintics. Dogs under one year and mixed breeds were associated with occurrences of Toxocara canis; and younger dogs with Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp. Giardia spp. were also associated with dogs with a defined breed (p<0.05). All the parasites analyzed presented lower incidence in the last period analyzed than in the previous periods.Keywords: Dogs, helminths, protozoa, São Paulo, Brazil. ResumoA ocorrência de parasitos gastrintestinais foi estudada em amostras fecais de 3099 cães, da região metropolitana de São Paulo, SP, tratados no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo. As amostras foram analisadas por métodos de flutuação e centrífugo-sedimentação. Os resultados foram comparados com estudos prévios (diferentes períodos). Associação entre as frequências de cada parasito e idade, raça, sexo, ocorrência de diarreia e uso de anti-helmínticos foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher. O qui-quadrado estratificado foi utilizado para comparar a ocorrência de cada parasito e os períodos analisados. Do total 20,5% das amostras eram positivas e 16,1% destas (102/635) apresentaram mais de um gênero de parasitos. Ancylostoma spp. (7,1%) e Giardia spp. (5,5%) foram os mais frequentes helminto e protozoário, respectivamente. Ancylostoma spp. foi associado (p<0,05) com idade (> 1 ano), animais sem raça definida, sexo (macho) e a não utilização de anti-helmínticos. Cães < 1 ano e mestiços apresentaram associação com ocorrência de Toxocara canis e cães jovens com Giardia spp, Cryptosporidium spp. e Cystoisospora spp. Giardia spp. também apresentou associação com cães de raças definidas (p<0,05). Para todos os parasitas analisados a incidência diminuiu no último período analisado quando comparado aos anteriores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Ferreira

Pena

Azevêdo

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…In fact, clinico-pathological studies have shown that parasites embedded in the epidermis such as Tunga penetrans and Sarcoptes scabiei are surrounded by eosinophils and that patients with these conditions show elevated levels of IL-5, a cytokine needed for the production of eosinophils [29,30]. Cutaneous larva migrans has been associated with systematic eosinophilia [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia, leukocytosis and eosinophilia in a resource-poor population with helmintho-ectoparasitic coinfection

Pilger

Heukelbach

Diederichs

et al. 2010

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Eosinophilia and anemia are very common hematological alterations in the tropics but population-based studies scrutinizing their value for diagnosing parasitic infections are rare. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural district in northeast Brazil where parasitic infections are common. Stool and blood samples were collected and individuals were clinically examined for the presence of ectoparasites. Results: In total, 874 individuals were examined. Infection with intestinal helminths occurred in 70% (95% CI 67 -75), infestation with ectoparasites in 45% (95% CI 42 -49) and co-infection with both helminths and ectoparasites was found in 33% (95% CI 29% -36%) of all inhabitants. Eosinophil counts ranged from 40/µl to 13.800/µl (median: 900/µl). Haemoglobin levels ranged from 4.8 g/dl to 16.8 g/dl (median: 12.5 g/dl), and anemia was present in 24% of the participants. Leukocytosis was found in 13%, eosinophilia in 74%, and hypereosinophilia in 44% of the participants. Eosinophilia was more pronounced in individuals co-infected with intestinal helminths and ectoparasites (p < 0.001) and correctly predicted parasitic infection in 87% (95% CI 84%-90.7%) of all cases. Conclusions: Eosinophilia is strongly associated with the presence of intestinal helminthiases and accentuated by co-infestation with ectoparasites. Our study confirms in a population with high prevalence of intestinal helminthiases and ectoparasites that eosinophilia can be used to accurately diagnose current parasitic infection and initiate treatment.

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“…Most of the data available regarding the clinical manifestations of this syndrome has been gathered from individual case reports and case series of individual patients presenting to specialized tropical medicine clinics over periods of years (Davies et al 1993;Jelinek et al 1994;Caumes et al 1995). It is unknown to what extent these data are representative of all patients with this syndrome, nor has it been confirmed which risk factors and behaviours predispose to the infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of cutaneous larva migrans in a group of travellers

Tremblay

MacLean

Gyorkos

et al. 2000

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summary INTRODUCTION We describe an outbreak of cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) in a group of 140 holidaymakers to a resort in Barbados and the index case. METHODS A two-page questionnaire was mailed to holidaymakers and 90% responded. RESULTS 25.4% of respondents developed a rash consistent with CLM. Risk factors for developing the illness were younger age and less frequent use of protective footwear while walking to the beach. Patients had difficulty in obtaining a correct diagnosis during their initial medical consultation and in obtaining medication from pharmacies. Efficacious treatments were oral and topical thiabendazole. CONCLUSIONS CLM can occur in a large proportion of people exposed to contaminated soil or sand. Protective footwear is effective in reducing infection. Thiabendazole is an efficacious treatment.

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Cutaneous Larva Migrans in Travelers: Synopsis of Histories, Symptoms, and Treatment of 98 Patients

Cited by 162 publications

References 14 publications

Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Anemia, leukocytosis and eosinophilia in a resource-poor population with helmintho-ectoparasitic coinfection

Outbreak of cutaneous larva migrans in a group of travellers

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