Cutaneous Manifestations of “Lupus”: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Beyond

Abstract

Lupus, Latin for “wolf,” is a term used to describe many dermatologic conditions, some of which are related to underlying systemic lupus erythematosus, while others are distinct disease processes. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus includes a wide array of visible skin manifestations and can progress to systemic lupus erythematosus in some cases. Cutaneous lupus can be subdivided into three main categories: acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Physical exam, laboratory studies, and histopathology enable differentiation of cutaneous lupus subtypes. This differentiation is paramount as the subtype of cutaneous lupus informs upon treatment, disease monitoring, and prognostication. This review outlines the different cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus and provides an update on both topical and systemic treatment options for these patients. Other conditions that utilize the term “lupus” but are not cutaneous lupus erythematosus are also discussed.

Cutaneous Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Review for the Rheumatologist

“…28 Mucosal DLE typically presents as erosions or macules that can have radiating striae located in the lips, palate, gingiva, or other mucosal surfaces. 30 LEP, also known as lupus profundus, presents as indurated subcutaneous nodules or plaques which tend to occur in the face, scalp, upper torso, buttocks, and proximal extremities.…”

Experience with type I interferon inhibitor in systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Характерные для ДКВ высыпания чаще захватывают кожу, подверженную инсоляции, бляшки располагаются в области лица, волосистой части головы, ушных раковин, верхней трети спины. При этом у пациентов с распространенным кожным поражением нередко наблюдается высокий риск развития СКВ [9,10]. Диагностика кожных поражений включает в себя объективный осмотр, серологические и патоморфологические исследования биоптатов пораженного участка кожи.…”

Diskoid Lupus Eritematozus Hastalarının Klinikoepidemiyolojik Profili ve Sistemik Hastalıklarla İlişkisi

“…DLE lezyonu bulunan hastaların yaklaşık %5-30'u sistemik lupus eritematozusa (SLE) ilerleyebilmektedir [1,8]. Generalize DLE, periungual tutulum, antinükleer antikor (ANA) pozitifliği, eklem ağrısı, artmış sedimentasyon hızı, anemi, lökopeni, trombositopeni [9], bulunan hastalarda gelişim riski daha yüksektir [6]. Bu nedenle, KLE lezyonu bulunan hastalar, SLE'ye progresyon açısından takip edilmelidir [3].…”