Cutaneous Manifestations of Sarcoid: Clinical Presentation and Histopathology

Abstract

The cutaneous manifestations of sarcoid will be reviewed. These include lupus pernio, multiple varied skin presentations such as annular sarcoid, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, erythroderma, scar-like lesions, and several others. Erythema nodosum in sarcoidosis will be discussed; the Koebner phenomenon will be described; and the differential diagnosis of all of these lesions will be presented in detail. Numerous clinical photographs will be provided to help the treating clinician identify and work up the patient accordingly. The histopathology and pathologic differential diagnosis will also be discussed. Treatments for the varied skin lesions will be reviewed in detail as will the side effects of each treatment and management overview.