Cutaneous Melanoma—A Review in Detection, Staging, and Management

Hartman, Rebecca I.; Lin, Jennifer Y.

doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2018.09.005

Cited by 116 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The examples include B-Raf inhibitors that are used in B-Raf V600E and V600K mutated cancers or MEK inhibitors for treatment cancers with activated upper parts of the MAPK cascade [64]. The genetic classification of melanoma represents a significant step toward personalized medicine from both prognostic and treatment points of view [70].…”

Section: Human Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma-Bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM): The Unique Swine Model of Hereditary Metastatic Melanoma

Horák

Palanová

Čížková

et al. 2019

Genes

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National cancer databases document that melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly cutaneous malignancy with worldwide increasing incidence in the Caucasian population. Around 10% of melanomas occur in families. Several germline mutations were identified that might help to indicate individuals at risk for preventive interventions and early disease detection. More than 50% of sporadic melanomas carry mutations in Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/MEK) pathway, which may represent aims of novel targeted therapies. Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the outcomes in metastatic tumor are still unsatisfactory. Here, we review animal models that help our understanding of melanoma development and treatment, including non-vertebrate, mouse, swine, and other mammal models, with an emphasis on those with spontaneously developing melanoma. Special attention is paid to the melanoma-bearing Libechov minipig (MeLiM). This original swine model of hereditary metastatic melanoma enables studying biological processes underlying melanoma progression, as well as spontaneous regression. Current histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, genetic, hematological, immunological, and skin microbiome findings in the MeLiM model are summarized, together with development of new therapeutic approaches based on tumor devitalization. The ongoing study of molecular and immunological base of spontaneous regression in MeLiM model has potential to bring new knowledge of clinical importance.

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Section: Human Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma-Bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM): The Unique Swine Model of Hereditary Metastatic Melanoma

Horák

Palanová

Čížková

et al. 2019

Genes

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“…Dermoscopy is efficient in the early diagnosis of melanoma [1][2][3] and possibly efficient in diagnosing keratinocyte carcinomas. 4 We have previously reported novel applications of dermoscopy applied in primary care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty-five practical recommendations in primary care dermoscopy

et al. 2020

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Dermoscopy in primary care enhances clinical diagnoses and allows for risk stratifications. We have compiled 25 recommendations from our experience of dermoscopy in a wide range of clinical settings. The aim of this study is to enhance the application of dermoscopy by primary care clinicians. For primary care physicians commencing dermoscopy, we recommend understanding the aims of dermoscopy, having adequate training, purchasing dermoscopes with polarised and unpolarised views, performing regular maintenance on the equipment, seeking consent, applying contact and close non-contact dermoscopy, maintaining sterility, knowing one algorithm well and learning the rules for special regions such as the face, acral regions and nails. For clinicians already applying dermoscopy, we recommend establishing a platform for storing and retrieving clinical and dermoscopic images; shooting as uncompressed files; applying high magnifications and in-camera improvisations; explaining dermoscopic images to patients and their families; applying toggling; applying scopes with small probes for obscured lesions and lesions in body creases; applying far, non-contact dermoscopy; performing skin manipulations before and during dermoscopy; practising selective dermoscopy if experienced enough; and being aware of compound lesions. For clinicians in academic practice for whom dermatology and dermoscopy are special interests, we recommend acquiring the best hardware available with separate setups for clinical photography and dermoscopy; obtaining oral or written consent from patients for taking and publishing recognisable images; applying extremely high magnifications in search of novel dermoscopic features that are clinically important; applying dermoscopy immediately after local anaesthesia; and further augmenting images to incorporate messages beyond words to readers.

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“…However, there are indications that the positive trend in survival has stalled in the United States and Sweden, suggesting the importance of novel strategies for early diagnosis (Jemal et al, ; Lyth et al, ). It is possible that therapy has also contributed to favorable prognosis even though the successes in targeted therapies including immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma may not yet be evident at the population level (Eggermont, Spatz, & Robert, ; Hartman & Lin, ; Schadendorf et al, ). Favorable trends in survival will inevitably result in an increased likelihood of second primary cancers (SPCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between tumor characteristics and second primary cancers with cutaneous melanoma survival: A nationwide cohort study

Zheng

Chattopadhyay

Sundquist

et al. 2020

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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The increased survival in malignant cutaneous melanoma (melanoma) is probably due to early diagnosis combined with improved treatment most recently. National health campaigns and screening programs for melanoma detection were started in Sweden several decades ago. We want to assess the influence of tumor characteristics, based on the TNM classification, and of second primary cancers on overall survival in melanoma. We used the Swedish Cancer Registry to assess all‐cause survival in melanoma from 2003 to 2015. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. A total of 19,773 melanoma patients were diagnosed with TNM data. Survival showed a strong improving trend over time (p‐trend <.001). T1a was the most common classification (48.0% of all), while higher T class was associated systematically with worse survival (p‐trend <.001). For distant metastases, the HR was 3.17, accounting for 0.9% of the patients. Any types of second primary cancers, other than melanoma, were associated with an HR of 2.00, accounted for 6.7% of all cases. Even if melanoma survival in Sweden ranks among the best national rates, the large percentage of patients with advanced tumors (T3b, T4a, and T4b, 17%) and 21% of deaths with T1a call for improved preventive and follow‐up strategies.

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Cutaneous Melanoma—A Review in Detection, Staging, and Management

Cited by 116 publications

References 48 publications

Melanoma-Bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM): The Unique Swine Model of Hereditary Metastatic Melanoma

Melanoma-Bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM): The Unique Swine Model of Hereditary Metastatic Melanoma

Twenty-five practical recommendations in primary care dermoscopy

Association between tumor characteristics and second primary cancers with cutaneous melanoma survival: A nationwide cohort study

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