Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

Michielin, Olivier; Akkooi, A.C.J. van; Ascierto, Paolo A.; Dummer, Reinhard; Keilholz, Ulrich

doi:10.1093/annonc/mdz411

Cited by 488 publications

(464 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…IL-2 was the first immunotherapy to influence the outcome of advanced melanoma patients, but its harsh toxicity with cardiovascular, respiratory, and infectious complications restrained its use. It is now considered an option in only a few selected patients [2]. The potentially lethal immunotoxicity is caused by the stimulation of circulating leukocytes and the "cytokine storm" following it [31].…”

Section: High-dose Interleukin-2 (Il-2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melanoma is known to be chemotherapy-resistant, with a median duration of response of approximately four to six months [50]. In consequence, chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., dacarbazine and its prodrug temozolomide, carboplatin/paclitaxel, fotemustine) are rarely used in the treatment of advanced melanoma, mainly in patients in whom all other therapeutic options have been exhausted [2]. Chemotherapy's failure has been largely attributed to its non-specific distribution and lack of accumulation in the tumor.…”

Section: Cytotoxic Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• checkpoint inhibition immunotherapies: programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) alone or in combination with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies (ipilimumab); • molecularly targeted therapies used in patients with driver mutations, against the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, with BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) and MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, encorafenib, and trametinib, cobimetinib, binimetinib, respectively) in patients harboring a V600 mutation in the BRAF gene, and tyrosine-protein kinase (KIT) inhibitors (imatinib); • tumor vaccines; • gene therapy, such as locoregional immunotherapy with oncolytic viruses (talimogene laherparepvec-T-VEC); • T cell directed therapies; • other non-specific approaches (radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, electrochemotherapy, and others) indicated only in a few subsets of patients due to their questionable benefits for the patient's outcome [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanosystems for Improved Targeted Therapies in Melanoma

Beiu

Giurcăneanu

Grumezescu

et al. 2020

JCM

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Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with limited therapeutic options. Since its incidence has been rapidly rising in recent years, the study of new targeted therapeutic strategies has increased. The implication of nanoscience in the development of alternative targeted therapies for melanoma has multiple benefits and could significantly improve the outcome of melanoma patients. In this paper, we review the most recent progress in the field of targeted therapies, emphasizing the impact of nanoscale materials on the targeting and controlled release of anti-tumor drugs. The applications of nanomedicine in the management of melanoma are extensive and refer to sentinel lymph node mapping, chemotherapy, and RNA interference; each of these applications harboring the potential to develop efficient and personalized diagnostic techniques and therapies. Further research, especially in clinical trials, is needed to establish whether fighting melanoma on the nanoscale level represents the key to reaching a critical inflection point in mankind’s battle with metastatic melanoma.

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Section: High-dose Interleukin-2 (Il-2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cytotoxic Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanosystems for Improved Targeted Therapies in Melanoma

Beiu

Giurcăneanu

Grumezescu

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Latest clinical guidelines on melanoma management consider immune checkpoint blockade (anti-PD-1 alone or in combination with anti-CTLA4) as a first-line treatment option for unresectable stage III and IV melanoma patients [20,21]. In cases of resectable melanoma, anti-PD1 agents are prescribed as well in an adjuvant setting [22].…”

Section: Therapeutic Effects Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Aspects of Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma

Petrova

Arkhypov

Weber

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Although melanoma is one of the most immunogenic tumors, it has an ability to evade anti-tumor immune responses by exploiting tolerance mechanisms, including negative immune checkpoint molecules. The most extensively studied checkpoints represent cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), which were broadly applied for melanoma treatment in the past decade, can unleash anti-tumor immune responses and result in melanoma regression. Patients responding to the ICI treatment showed long-lasting remission or disease control status. However, a large group of patients failed to respond to this therapy, indicating the development of resistance mechanisms. Among them are intrinsic tumor properties, the dysfunction of effector cells, and the generation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This review discusses achievements of ICI treatment in melanoma, reasons for its failure, and promising approaches for overcoming the resistance. These methods include combinations of different ICI with each other, strategies for neutralizing the immunosuppressive TME and combining ICI with other anti-cancer therapies such as radiation, oncolytic viral, or targeted therapy. New therapeutic approaches targeting other immune checkpoint molecules are also discussed.

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“…patients with tumors not progressing very quickly and not immediately threatening an important organ or function, should be considered for immunotherapy first, preserving targeted therapies for the subsequent lines." [36]. ASCO guidelines give no preference between the two options [37].…”

Section: Can Baseline 18fdg Parameters Help Selecting the Most Adequamentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic melanoma: can FDG-PET predict success of anti-PD-1 therapy and help determine when it can be discontinued?

Hindié

2020

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

Cited by 488 publications

References 105 publications

Nanosystems for Improved Targeted Therapies in Melanoma

Nanosystems for Improved Targeted Therapies in Melanoma

Modern Aspects of Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma

Metastatic melanoma: can FDG-PET predict success of anti-PD-1 therapy and help determine when it can be discontinued?

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