Cutaneous scarring: Pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, and scar reduction therapeutics

Profyris, Christos; Tziotzios, Christos; Vale, Isabel Do

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.055

Cited by 202 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…51 Here, it should be noted that TGF-b3 (as well as TGF-b1 and -b2) was able to rescue the P311 À/À scar phenotype, standing against the widespread view that TGF-b3 serves an antiscarring function. 15,25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starting with Shah et al, 22 multiple studies showed that TGF-b3 has a protective effect against fibrosis, 23,24 a view that gained widespread support. 15,25 However, there are several reports indicating that, like the other two TGF-bs, TGF-b3 is also fibrogenic. 26e29 In support of this latter view, recombinant TGF-b3 (Avotermin) showed no antiscarring effect in clinical trials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scar formation takes place in the remodeling phase. 25 Wound healing is therefore an imperfect process that inevitably leads to scar formation as the skin reestablishes its integrity. Scar tissue has different characteristics compared with normal skin, ranging from fine-line asymptomatic scars to problematic scarring that includes hypertrophic and keloid scars.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-β1 to -β3 Translation

Cheng

Yue

Aslam

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Pathology

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Neuronal protein 3.1 (P311), a conserved RNA-binding protein, represents the first documented protein known to stimulate transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 to -b3 translation in vitro and in vivo. Because TGF-bs play critical roles in fibrogenesis, we initiated efforts to define the role of P311 in skin scar formation. Here, we show that P311 is up-regulated in skin wounds and in normal and hypertrophic scars. Genetic ablation of p311 resulted in a significant decrease in skin scar collagen deposition. Lentiviral transfer of P311 corrected the deficits, whereas down-regulation of P311 levels by lentiviral RNA interference reproduced the deficits seen in P311 À/À mice. The decrease in collagen deposition resulted in scars with reduced stiffness but also reduced scar tensile strength. In vitro studies using murine and human dermal fibroblasts showed that P311 stimulated TGF-b1 to -b3 translation, a process that involved eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit b as a P311 binding partner. This resulted in increased TGF-b levels/activity and increased collagen production. In addition, P311 induced dermal fibroblast activation and proliferation. Finally, exogenous TGF-b1 to -b3, each restituted the normal scar phenotype. These studies demonstrate that P311 is required for the production of normal cutaneous scars and place P311 immediately up-stream of TGF-bs in the process of fibrogenesis. Conditions that decrease P311 levels could result in less tensile scars, which could potentially lead to higher incidence of dehiscence after surgery. (Am J Pathol 2017, 187: 292e303; http://dx

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-β1 to -β3 Translation

Cheng

Yue

Aslam

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…[2][3][4][5] The use of other chemotherapeutic agents, such as bleomycin, mitomycin C and 5% imiquimod cream, have been shown to slow cell growth, thereby reducing the recurrence rate of keloids post-surgical resection. [27][28][29][30] However, skin irritation and erythema are common side-effects from such therapies.…”

Section: Minor Keloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Scar Prevention and Management: Overview of current therapies

Al-Shaqsi¹,

Al-Bulushi²

2016

SQUMJ

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Cutaneous scarring is common after trauma, surgery and infection and occurs when normal skin tissue is replaced by fibroblastic tissue during the healing process. The pathophysiology of scar formation is not yet fully understood, although the degree of tension across the wound edges and the speed of cell growth are believed to play central roles. Prevention of scars is essential and can be achieved by attention to surgical techniques and the use of measures to reduce cell growth. Grading and classifying scars is important to determine available treatment strategies. This article presents an overview of the current therapies available for the prevention and treatment of scars. It is intended to be a practical guide for surgeons and other health professionals involved with and interested in scar management.

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“…Numerous treatments have been utilized for keloids including surgical excision, intralesional corticosteroid injection, intralesional botulinum toxin A injection, radiotherapy, laser therapy, cryotherapy and classical and intralesional cryosurgery [8,9,10] . Unfortunately, the results of the majority of these treatments have been disappointing with frequent recurrence of the keloid over time [11] . Laser technologies have been tested either to prevent or treat hypertrophic scars by selective destruction of scar microvasculature through the process of targeted photothermolysis [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Surgery and Pulsed Dye Laser for the Treatment of an Ear Keloid: A Case Report

Negosanti

Santoli

Sgarzani

et al. 2016

Journal of Dermatological Research

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:A keloidal scar is a benign hyperproliferation of dermal collagen resulting from abnormal healing. The ear is probably the most frequent interested area and these kind of keloids are responsible for cosmetic disfigurement. Numerous treatments have been applied for keloids. Surgery is generally not indicated because of the high risk of recurrence while laser technologies have been tested to prevent and treat hypertrophic scars. The association between laser and surgery was poorly reported in literature. We decided to associate surgery and pulsed Dye laser in just one case of ear keloid.

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Cutaneous scarring: Pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, and scar reduction therapeutics

Cited by 202 publications

References 35 publications

Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-β1 to -β3 Translation

Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-β1 to -β3 Translation

Cutaneous Scar Prevention and Management: Overview of current therapies

Association of Surgery and Pulsed Dye Laser for the Treatment of an Ear Keloid: A Case Report

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