Cutaneous toxicities of antiretroviral therapy for HIV

Introcaso, Camille E.; Hines, Janet; Kovarik, Carrie L.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.01.061

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…Cutaneous adverse effects are not uncommon [5]. However in most patients systemic adverse events are predominant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However in most patients systemic adverse events are predominant. Patients exposed to tenofovir have to be monitored for renal insufficiency and osteoporosis due to its metabolism [5]. The intake of protease inhibitors, like lopinavir and ritonavir, can lead to a variety of systemic symptoms such as dysmetabolism, but cutaneous and allergic reactions have been described as well [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors believe that allergological exams are mandatory in such cases to differentiate allergological from toxic effects of the administered medication. In general, cutaneous side effects are rare [5]. However, in 2001 Lascaux et al reported about cutaneous drug reactions due to lopinavir, as an inflammatory oedema of the legs could be observed [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lopinavir and ritonavir, two protease inhibitors, are used for antiretroviral therapy in HIV infected patients. While most frequently reported adverse effects caused gastrointestinal symptoms, cutaneous reactions have been seldom described [3–5]. Emtricitabine and tenofovir are both nucleoside analogue HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors and generally well tolerated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emtricitabine and tenofovir are both nucleoside analogue HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors and generally well tolerated. However cutaneous reactions have been described using these drugs [4, 5]. Up till today, no occurrence of plantar erythrodysesthesia in a patient receiving lopinavir, ritonavir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir has been described in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Caused by Antiretroviral Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Aigner

Brockow

Darsow

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Medicine

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“…Cutaneous adverse effects are not uncommon [5]. However in most patients systemic adverse events are predominant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Caused by Antiretroviral Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Aigner

Brockow

Darsow

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Medicine

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HIVand the Skin

Bunker

Piguet

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been recognized, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) identified as the causative agent, for over 30 years. HIV infection is a significant health problem globally. Earlier diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) prevents death, serious sequelae and onward transmission. Mucocutaneous involvement may allow diagnosis at seroconversion or later in the course of the disease and dermatologists should have a very low threshold for considering the diagnosis and offering HIV testing routinely in many common presenting clinical scenarios. Combined ART has revolutionized treatment, and long‐term survival is the norm. However, there are significant dermatological consequences of HIV treatment including drug reactions/complications and immune reconstitution‐associated disease. Primary skin malignancies are the most frequent non‐AIDS‐defining cancers and oral, anal and genital (e.g. penile) cancers are significantly increased in the HIV‐treated population.

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HIV and the Skin

Bunker,

Piguet

2024

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

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Within 2 years of defining acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a distinctive syndrome in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was identified as the causative agent. Dermatological involvement in AIDS has been appreciated since the disease was first recognised. Mucocutaneous involvement establishes criteria for diagnosis and staging; the prognostic significance of some complications, for example pruritic papular eruption/eosinophilic folliculitis, hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi sarcoma (KS), was well recognised before specific treatments were introduced. The proportion of patients with skin complications and the number of these manifestations in any one patient increase as HIV infection progresses and AIDS develops. The incidence and severity of several common cutaneous diseases (such as mollusca, herpes simplex and seborrhoeic dermatitis) are increased in patients with HIV and this correlates in many instances with the absolute numbers of CD4+ T cells. The effect HIV infection may have on some dermatological conditions such as psoriasis and leprosy is less clear‐cut. The advent of highly active combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been incalculably beneficial to patients with HIV, but novel side effects of these drugs (such as lipodystrophy) have emerged, and the skin can be affected by manifestations of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome/immune reconstitution associated disease. The dermatological complications of HIV and AIDS may be distressing to patients and difficult for dermatologists to diagnose and manage. Also, many dermatoses presenting in the population at large need to be regarded as ‘indicator conditions’ to prompt advice about, and initiation of, HIV testing.

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Cutaneous toxicities of antiretroviral therapy for HIV

Cited by 34 publications

References 100 publications

Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Caused by Antiretroviral Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Caused by Antiretroviral Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

HIVand the Skin

HIV and the Skin

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