Cutaneous vascular hamartoma in a lamb

Morais, Rodrigo Aires de; Maurique, AP; Villela, J; Sonne, Luciana; Anjos, Bruno Leite dos

doi:10.17221/111/2019-vetmed

Vet. Med. - Czech

2020

DOI: 10.17221/111/2019-vetmed

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Cutaneous vascular hamartoma in a lamb

Rodrigo Aires de Morais¹,

AP Maurique²,

J Villela³

et al.

Abstract: A male Polwarth lamb with a good body score was born with a pendulous, oval, red mass adhering to the skin in the left ventrolateral thoracic area. The nodule was removed when the lamb was five days old and sent for a gross and histopathological evaluation. Macroscopically, the mass was reddish, slightly oval and flat, well delineated, and contained a central ulcerated area. Microscopically, it showed a marked proliferation of well-differentiated endothelial cells with the formation of new blood vessels. An im… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…9,14,16,18,20,24 Pulmonary and cutaneous forms have been reported in sheep. 1,13 Glioneuronal hamartomas have been reported in goats. 26 When present as congenital lesions, hamartomas may be accompanied by other defects, 2 the result of errors in embryogenesis.…”

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Pulmonary hamartoma in an elk calf

2022

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Hamartomas are benign tumor-like lesions composed of disorganized growth of mature mesenchymal or epithelial tissues indigenous to the organ involved. Sporadically observed in ruminants, vascular, fibrous, nasal, and pulmonary hamartomas have been reported in calves; pulmonary and cutaneous forms have been reported in sheep. A full-term elk calf found dead had a large intrathoracic mass replacing the left caudal lung lobe and compressing other thoracic organs. Histologically, cross- and tangential sections of bronchi were separated by collagenous mesenchyme and irregularly shaped canaliculi and saccules resembling terminal bronchioles. Rarely present were regions in which saccules, lined by simple cuboidal epithelium, transitioned into attenuated epithelium lining fully developed alveoli. These findings are consistent with a pulmonary hamartoma. To our knowledge, pulmonary hamartoma has not been reported previously in a non-domestic ruminant.

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Pulmonary hamartoma in an elk calf

2022

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“…In veterinary medical literature, hamartoma cases are well documented in animals in many different locations on their bodies (Ladds 1983;Tyler et al 1995;Dubielzig 2002;Kafarnik et al 2010;Storms et al 2014;Leiter Herran et al 2017;Martin et al 2020;Morais et al 2020). Amongst the bovine hamartomas, gingival vascular hamartomas and bovine cutaneous angiomatosis are well-known examples (Maxie and Jubb 2015).…”

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Bovine bilateral mesenchymal hamartomas on the upper eyelid: A case report

Eröksüz¹,

Polat²,

Incili³

et al. 2021

Vet. Med. - Czech

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A 2-day-old calf was presented with a bilateral mass in the medial canthus of the upper eyelid. The masses were removed surgically. The morphological diagnosis was a bilateral hamartoma characterised by an abnormal mixture of tissue indigenous to that area including blood vessels, striated muscle bundles, adipose tissue, isolated cartilage and nerve bundles. No recurrence developed in the 6 months following the surgical removal. Overall, although this congenital defect is relatively rare, it should be differentiated from eyelid tumours such as haemangiomas, squamous cell carcinomas, Meibomian gland tumours, dermoid cysts and teratomas in cattle.

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Congenital Cutaneous Hemangioma in a Newborn Lamb

Alvarenga Nascimento,

Alves Ferreira Júnior,

Lourença de Souza

et al. 2022

Acta Scientiae Vet.

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Background: Hemangioma is a benign dermal or subcutaneous endothelial cell tumor composed of vascular spaces of varying sizes filled with erythrocytes and lined with a single layer of uniform endothelial cells. Although the pathogenesis is not well defined, these tumors are considered to result from an imbalance in angiogenesis, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of vascular elements. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of congenital cutaneous hemangioma in sheep. This report describes the clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings of a case of congenital hemangioma affecting a newborn lamb. Case: A 5-day-old crossbred (Dorper x Santa Inês) lamb presenting with an ear nodule that expanded in the right ear was necropsied. An expansive subcutaneous nodule was observed macroscopically; it occupied approximately 90% of the right ear and had a crusty, irregular surface. The cut surface had multiple cavitations delimited by firm fibrous tissue and a light yellow-to-translucent content. Microscopically, it showed focally extensive subcutaneous neoplastic proliferation and moderate cellularity; it was formed of vascular beds of varied sizes and supported by moderate fibrocollagenous stroma. Suppurative inflammation was observed in the neoplastic vascular beds with large amounts of free basophilic coccoid bacteria inside macrophages. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Strong cytoplasmic labeling was observed in neoplastic endothelial cells for CD31 and factor VIII. The Ki67 proliferation marker was positive in approximately 5% of neoplastic cells. The cells did not express smooth muscle actin (1A4) or pan-cytokeratin (AE1AE3). Histological characteristics and immunohistochemistry findings were consistent with those of congenital cutaneous hemangioma, a rare neoplasm in sheep. Discussion: The association of clinical, anatomopathological, and immunohistochemical data enabled the diagnosis of congenital cutaneous hemangioma in the 5-day-old lamb. Reports of vascular tumors in sheep are not frequent in literature and usually involve adult animals with no anatomical site predilection. In sheep, the occurrence of nasotracheal hemangioma in a 2-year-old ewe and gingival hemangioma in a 5-year-old sheep have already been described. A cutaneous extra-neural hemangioblastoma was diagnosed in the ear of a 1-month-old lamb. IHC was also used to confirm the diagnosis of hemangioblastoma. Macroscopically, hemangiomas can present as well-delimited and encapsulated masses that when cut, show a reticulated pattern similar to honeycombs that separate the blood-filled cavities. The present case showed a similar conformation but without enough erythrocytes to result in a bloody appearance. Tumor drainage and the predominance of blood serum in the content possibly made it macroscopically translucent. Microscopically, the hemangioma was classified as cavernous. This morphological variation forms large channels separated by fibrous connective tissue stroma, which may contain inflammatory cells. IHC confirmed the endothelial lining of the cystic cavities and was crucial in excluding differential diagnoses. Thus, factor VIII-related antigen was used as a marker for normal and neoplastic cells, as well as for tumoral and reactive neovascularization, in which neoplastic cells were immuno-expressed for CD31 and Factor VIII. In domestic animals, the association between CD31 and Factor VIII is considered more specific for vascular endothelial cells, differentiating them from cells of lymphatic origin. Congenital cutaneous hemangioma occurs in sheep, and its diagnosis and differentiation can be based on histopathology associated with conventional immunohistochemical panels for vascular neoformation. Keywords: sheep, mesenchymal neoplasm, vascular tumour, small ruminant, histopathology, immunohistochemistry.

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Cutaneous vascular hamartoma in a lamb

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Pulmonary hamartoma in an elk calf

Pulmonary hamartoma in an elk calf

Bovine bilateral mesenchymal hamartomas on the upper eyelid: A case report

Congenital Cutaneous Hemangioma in a Newborn Lamb

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