“…2 ). Cases with this piece of information were slightly younger than cases without it (11 [ 8 – 18 ] months of age vs 14 [ 9 – 21 ] months of age, P < 0.05). The male-to-female ratio was similar in the two groups (309 boys and 138 girls, respectively, 40 boys and 17 girls).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…For all patients, the diagnosis of hemorrhagic edema made in the original reports was reviewed using three well established clinical criteria: raised annular or nummular eruptions and inflammatory skin edema (mostly non-pitting, tender and sometimes also warmth) in a well-appearing and playful child with stable vital signs [ 5 ]. The clinical diagnosis was supported by a skin biopsy [ 9 ] disclosing a non-granulomatous neutrophil infiltration into small-vessel walls with karyorrhexis in 248 (50%) cases. Fig.…”
Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis, also referred to as acute hemorrhagic edema of young children, is a rare small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis. This condition is skin-limited, mainly affects infants up to 2 years of age and spontaneously remits. It has been suggested that an infection or a vaccine precede (by ≤ 14 days) this vasculitis. To better understand the interplay between infections or vaccines and Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis, we utilized the data contained in the Acute Hemorrhagic Edema BIbliographic Database AHEBID. The database, initiated in 2019, is being regularly updated, encompasses the entire original literature on Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis published after the original description and is attainable on request. The possible existence of an infectious or a vaccine precursor was addressed in 447 cases. Most cases were preceded by an infection (N = 384; 86%), by a vaccination (N = 20; 4.4%), or both an infection and a vaccination (N = 17; 3.8%). No precursor was reported in the remaining cases (N = 26; 5.8%). Two distinct infections preceded the onset of the vasculitis in 11 of the 381 cases with infection-associated Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis. The following infectious precursors were reported: upper respiratory tract infection (N = 292); acute gastroenteritis (N = 40); a benign febrile infection (N = 36); lower respiratory tract infection (N = 22); further infections (N = 8). The temporal relationship between the infectious precursor and the onset of the skin eruption was detailed in 336 cases: 54 cases developed before resolution and 282 after resolution of the infection. In conclusion, most cases of Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis are preceded by an infection. In a minority of cases, this skin vasculitis develops before resolution of the infection. In most cases, however, this vasculitis develops after resolution of the infection. More rarely, this vasculitis is preceded by a vaccination.
“…2 ). Cases with this piece of information were slightly younger than cases without it (11 [ 8 – 18 ] months of age vs 14 [ 9 – 21 ] months of age, P < 0.05). The male-to-female ratio was similar in the two groups (309 boys and 138 girls, respectively, 40 boys and 17 girls).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…For all patients, the diagnosis of hemorrhagic edema made in the original reports was reviewed using three well established clinical criteria: raised annular or nummular eruptions and inflammatory skin edema (mostly non-pitting, tender and sometimes also warmth) in a well-appearing and playful child with stable vital signs [ 5 ]. The clinical diagnosis was supported by a skin biopsy [ 9 ] disclosing a non-granulomatous neutrophil infiltration into small-vessel walls with karyorrhexis in 248 (50%) cases. Fig.…”
Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis, also referred to as acute hemorrhagic edema of young children, is a rare small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis. This condition is skin-limited, mainly affects infants up to 2 years of age and spontaneously remits. It has been suggested that an infection or a vaccine precede (by ≤ 14 days) this vasculitis. To better understand the interplay between infections or vaccines and Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis, we utilized the data contained in the Acute Hemorrhagic Edema BIbliographic Database AHEBID. The database, initiated in 2019, is being regularly updated, encompasses the entire original literature on Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis published after the original description and is attainable on request. The possible existence of an infectious or a vaccine precursor was addressed in 447 cases. Most cases were preceded by an infection (N = 384; 86%), by a vaccination (N = 20; 4.4%), or both an infection and a vaccination (N = 17; 3.8%). No precursor was reported in the remaining cases (N = 26; 5.8%). Two distinct infections preceded the onset of the vasculitis in 11 of the 381 cases with infection-associated Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis. The following infectious precursors were reported: upper respiratory tract infection (N = 292); acute gastroenteritis (N = 40); a benign febrile infection (N = 36); lower respiratory tract infection (N = 22); further infections (N = 8). The temporal relationship between the infectious precursor and the onset of the skin eruption was detailed in 336 cases: 54 cases developed before resolution and 282 after resolution of the infection. In conclusion, most cases of Finkelstein-Seidlmayer vasculitis are preceded by an infection. In a minority of cases, this skin vasculitis develops before resolution of the infection. In most cases, however, this vasculitis develops after resolution of the infection. More rarely, this vasculitis is preceded by a vaccination.
“…Vascular stress and inflammation in vivo can be counteracted by multiple anti-inflammatory mechanisms within endothelial cells to stabilise the integrity and homeostasis of the vascular wall ( Tedgui and Mallat, 2001 ). Inflammation of postcapillary venules in cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis results in oedema, haemorrhage and necrosis ( Frumholtz et al, 2020 ). Excluding areas of necrosis, we found that cingulin and GEF-H1 colocalise in inflamed small blood vessels of the skin, thus confirming our in vitro findings.…”
Cell-cell junctions of blood endothelial cells are critical barriers in inflammatory diseases. Endothelial tight junctions (TJs) control barrier function, and the cytoplasmic adaptor protein cingulin connects TJs to signalling pathways. However, local events at TJs during inflammation are largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the local response of TJ adaptor protein cingulin and its interaction with Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1) upon vascular barrier disruption to find a new approach to counteract vascular leak.
Based on transendothelial-electrical-resistance (TEER) measurements, cingulin strengthened barrier integrity upon stimulation with histamine, thrombin, and VEGF. Cingulin also attenuated myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) phosphorylation by localising GEF-H1 to cell junctions. Using cingulin phosphomutants, we verified that the phosphorylation of the cingulin head domain is required for its protective effect. Increased colocalisation of GEF-H1 and cingulin was observed in the vessels of vasculitis patients compared to those in healthy skin.
Our findings demonstrate that cingulin can counteract vascular leak at TJs, suggesting the existence of a novel mechanism in blood endothelial cells that protects barrier function in diseases.
“…In general, it is very uncommon that It was underlined that the COVID-19 infection can lead to systemic vasculitis manifestations and thrombotic disease, thus causing several complications [13][14][15][16]. The clinical manifestations may depend on the location, the size and the depth of the vessels involved [17]. The pathophysiological mechanisms of dermatological manifestations of COVID-19 are not well documented.…”
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shows rapid spread around the world. Its classic presentation is a respiratory illness. However, cutaneous manifestations have rarely been described as the first clinical manifestation in patients with this infection. The aim of this article is to describe cutaneous manifestations in patients with COVID-19 through three case reports.
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