Cuticular Morphology of Five Species of Dirofilaria: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study

Wong, Ming M.; Brummer, Margaret

doi:10.2307/3279618

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In contrast, terminal post-cloacal papillae were best seen by SEM. The pre-cloacal papillae distribution is similar to the descriptions of Wong and Brummer (1978) and Rodrigues-Silva et al (1999), although Ló pez-Neyra (1947) described a different distribution of post-cloacal papillae for D. immitis. Based on this variability, Rodrigues-Silva et al (1999) concluded that the cloacal papillae distribution cannot be considered as a reliable taxonomic character for D. immitis.…”

Section: Remarkssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Unpaired pre-cloacal (4-5); 3-5 pairs postcloacal (first and fourth laterally dislocated papillae) + frequently an unpaired papillae + unique terminal papillae Brummer (1978), who described D. immitis without longitudinal cuticular ridges using SEM. Because of these discrepancies, we carried out a detailed morphological study in D. immitis using light microscopy and SEM.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of these discrepancies, we carried out a detailed morphological study in D. immitis using light microscopy and SEM. Several characteristics have been previously described for the cephalic end of D. immitis (Wong and Brummer, 1978). These include the circular and terminal oral opening without lips, the number and distribution of cephalic papillae and amphids, and transverse cuticular striations.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has become an important tool that can add new taxonomic characters to previous species descriptions made by light microscopy (Chagas-Moutinho et al, 2007;Torres et al, 2007), as well as contributing to descriptions of new species Giese et al, 2009). Few reports have described D. immitis using this technique, although Wong and Brummer (1978) conducted a comparative study of filarial longitudinal ridges, and included D. immitis, while Rodrigues-Silva et al (1999) described the rugosae area and the posterior end of male D. immitis. The present report is a redescription of D. immitis by light microscopy, and SEM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Redescription of Dirofilaria immitis

Furtado¹,

Melo²,

Giese³

et al. 2010

Journal of Parasitology

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Morphological descriptions of Dirofilaria immitis are scarce. For this reason, we carried out morphological studies using both light and scanning electron microscopy for this filaroid species. Morphometric and morphological data were compatible with previous descriptions of D. immitis , but several anatomical structures are described by scanning electron microscopy for the first time, such as details of the cuticular striations, positioning of amphids, visualization of anal and vulvar opening, descriptions of deirids, lateral line, the pair of phasmids in the posterior end in females, and visualization of a small pair of latero-terminal papillae in the posterior end in males.

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Section: Remarkssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Redescription of Dirofilaria immitis

Furtado¹,

Melo²,

Giese³

et al. 2010

Journal of Parasitology

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“…Based upon these morphological characteristics the worm was identified as an immature, male Dirofilaria immitis, the canine heartworm. [4][5][6] Polymerase chain reaction confirmation. Using the out- line of the positive histological section as a guide, the preserved, unsectioned portion of the spermatic cord that had harbored the positive sections was identified, and an examination of the wet tissue under a dissecting microscope permitted identification of the infected artery.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Unusual location of Dirofilaria immitis in a 28-year-old man necessitates orchiectomy.

Theis¹,

Gilson²,

Simon³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The fourth case of zoonotic Dirofilaria immitis infection in a California resident is reported. This case was unique in that it involved the spermatic cord, produced significant symptoms, and upon physical examination was suspected of being an incarcerated inguinal hernia. At surgery frozen sections were inconclusive regarding neoplasia and cord involvement precluded removal of the mass without orchiectomy, which was done. Histopathology revealed a well-preserved immature male D. immitis, the canine heartworm, in a branch of the spermatic artery. The morphological identification of the worm was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies. This case illustrates that D. immitis infections can complicate differential diagnosis of extrapulmonary lesions and suggests that the public health significance of this vector-borne filarial worm needs to be evaluated through appropriate epidemiological studies in enzootic areas.

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Surface characterization of the cuticle of dirofilaria immitis

Bilge

Kadipaşaoǧlu

McCormick

et al. 1989

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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The surface reactivity of the dog heartworm (D. immitis) was evaluated by comprehensive contact angle measurements and a platelet retention test. Contact angle data yielded calculated surface energy terms very similar to those previously reported for intact vascular endothelium. The platelet test revealed the native worm surface to be nonreactive, retaining fewer platelets than glass or worms whose surfaces had been modified by extraction with acid and high salt solutions. The cuticular morphology of the heartworm was studied with both light and electron microscopy, the latter coupled with ferritin-conjugated double-layer immunolabeling to reveal adsorbed host protein on the cuticle surfaces. Multiple attenuated internal reflection (MAIR) IR spectroscopy confirmed the general composition of this surface layer to be glycoproteinaceous. Morphological and histochemical studies confirmed and extended previous descriptions of nematode cuticle, adding ultrastructural detail on cortical, medial, and basal layers. A trilaminar membrane, apparently corresponding to a mammalian cell membrane (plasmalemma), constituted the external cortical layer as observed in high magnifications. The existence of a glycocalyx of varying thickness was demonstrated in ruthenium red-stained sections. MAIR IR spectra showed this glycoproteinaceous film to appear, in fully hydrated samples, as a loose biological gel. Ferritin-antibody conjugate labeling confirmed the presence of adsorbed dog albumin, dog immunoglobulin class G (IgG) and dog complement fraction 3 (C3) in the cuticular surface layer. It is likely, therefore, that D. immitis heartworms demonstrate long-term thromboresistance at least in part due to their passive low-surface-energy overcoating with host proteins.

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Cuticular Morphology of Five Species of Dirofilaria: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Morphological Redescription of Dirofilaria immitis

Morphological Redescription of Dirofilaria immitis

Case report: Unusual location of Dirofilaria immitis in a 28-year-old man necessitates orchiectomy.

Surface characterization of the cuticle of dirofilaria immitis

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