Cutinase and non-specific esterase activities in the conidial mucilage of Colletotrichum graminicola

Pascholati, Sérgio Florentino; Deising, H. B.; Leite, Brenda Chaves Coelho; Anderson, Donald W.; Nicholson, Ralph L.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.1993.1004

Cited by 81 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…In Colletotrichum graminicola, the extracellular matrix embedding conidia contains several enzymes (74), some of which were identified as cutinases (83). Likewise, conidia of the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe graminis f. sp.…”

Section: Hyphal Adhesion and Preparation Of The Infection Courtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis and Mechanisms of Penetration by Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Mendgen

Hahn²,

Deising³

1996

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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367

221

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Infection structures of phytopathogenic fungi are modified hyphae specialized for the invasion of plant tissues. Initial events are adhesion to the cuticle and directed growth of the germ tube on the plant surface. At the site of penetration, appressoria are often formed that may have melanized walls and develop high turgor pressure to support the penetration process. The penetration hypha accumulates components of the cytoskeleton in the tip and secretes a variety of cell wall-degrading enzymes in a highly regulated fashion in order to penetrate the cuticle and the plant cell wall. This article reviews recent papers on the cytology, physiology, and molecular biology of the penetration process.

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Section: Hyphal Adhesion and Preparation Of The Infection Courtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis and Mechanisms of Penetration by Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Mendgen

Hahn²,

Deising³

1996

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

Self Cite

367

221

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, the mucilaginous material embedding the conidia of different Colletotrichum species contains several enzymes (protease, cellulase, endo-and exo-polygalacturonase, pectin lyase, pectinesterase, invertase, /?-glucosidase, peroxidase, DNase, and non-specific esterase) which may be important for infection of the host plant (Porter, 1969;Bergstrom & Nicholson, 1981 ;Ramadoss & Uhlig, 1985;Snyder & Nicholson, 1988;McRae & Stevens, 1990). Several of the non-specific esterases present in the mucilage of C graminicola have been shown to exhibit cutinase activity (Pascholati et al, 1993). Cutinase, and possibly esterase activity, could theoretically alter the plant surface and produce a surface with different adhesive properties (Nicholson & Epstein, 1991).…”

Section: Attachment Of Spore and Germ Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

Infection structures of fungal plant pathogens – a cytological and physiological evaluation

1993

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SUMMARY Many fungi differentiate specific infection structures in order to infect the host plant. The spore attaches to the host surface, the cuticle, and the germ tube may recognize suitable penetration sites, over which an appressorium is formed. Additional wall layers in appressoria of many fungi suggest that this structure supports increasing pressure during the penetration process. During appressorium formation, synthesis of polymer‐degrading enzymes is often initiated. Cutinases, cellulases and pectin‐degrading enzymes can be formed in a developmentally controlled or adaptive, i.e. substrate‐dependent, fashion. The penetration hypha develops below the appressorium. This hypha has a new wall structure and exhibits features which serve to breach the plant cell wall. However, at present it is not clear whether penetration hyphae arising from appressoria are more efficient in penetration or induce less damage than hyphae which penetrate without detectable special adaptations. The infection hypha differentiates within the host. During differentiation a characteristic set of enzymes is synthesized to enable successful establishment of the host‐pathogen relationship. If, as in most cases, multiple forms of cell wall‐degrading enzymes are formed by the pathogen, mutagenesis or deletion of a gene encoding one of these enzymes very often has no effect on pathogenicity or even virulence. Proof is missing very often that an enzyme is needed at the right time and at the right site of infection. Events occurring during differentiation of fungal infection structures are reviewed with special emphasis on Magnaporthe grisea, Colletotrichum spp., and rust fungi, and common features which may be of importance to the success of infection are discussed.

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“…Cutinases facilitate spore adhesion in Colletotrichum graminicola (Pascholati et al 1993), Uromyces viciae-fabae (Deising et al 1992) and Blumeria graminis (Pascholati et al 1992), carbon acquisition in Venturia inequalis (Köller et al 1991) and also promote the virulence of M. oryzae (Skamnioti and Gurr 2007). Cutinase-mediated degradation of plant cuticle into cutin monomers elicits the cAMP/PKA and DAG/PKC signalling cascades and triggers appressorium formation in M. oryzae (Skamnioti and Gurr 2007; Liu et al 2011).…”

Section: The Role Of Cutin and Cuticular Wax In Appressorium Morphogementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory network of genes associated with stimuli sensing, signal transduction and physiological transformation of appressorium inMagnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2018

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Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is the most destructive disease affecting the rice production (Oryza sativa), with an average global loss of 10–30% per annum. Recent reports have indicated that the fungus also inflicts blast disease on wheat (Triticum aestivum) posing a serious threat to the wheat production. Due to its easily detected infectious process and manoeuvrable genetic manipulation, M. oryzae is considered a model organism for exploring the molecular mechanism underlying fungal pathogenicity during the pathogen–host interaction. M. oryzae utilises an infectious structure called appressorium to breach the host surface by generating high turgor pressure. The appressorium development is induced by physical and chemical cues which are coordinated by the highly conserved cAMP/PKA, MAPK and calcium signalling cascades. Genes involved in the appressorium development have been identified and well studied in M. oryzae, a summary of the working gene network linking stimuli sensing and physiological transformation of appressorium is needed. This review provides a comprehensive discussion regarding the regulatory networks underlying appressorium development with particular emphasis on sensing of appressorium inducing stimuli, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and the corresponding developmental and physiological responses. We also discussed the crosstalk and interaction of various pathways during the appressorium development.

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Cutinase and non-specific esterase activities in the conidial mucilage of Colletotrichum graminicola

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

Morphogenesis and Mechanisms of Penetration by Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Morphogenesis and Mechanisms of Penetration by Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Infection structures of fungal plant pathogens – a cytological and physiological evaluation

Regulatory network of genes associated with stimuli sensing, signal transduction and physiological transformation of appressorium inMagnaporthe oryzae

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