Cyane-carvone, a Synthetic Derivative of Carvone, Inhibits Inflammatory Response by Reducing Cytokine Production and Oxidative Stress and Shows Antinociceptive Effect in Mice

Abstract

Cyane-carvone (CC) was studied to elucidate its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects in Mus musculus. Anti-inflammatory (bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2, serotonin, and carrageenan) and antinociceptive (acetic acid and formalin) models were utilized. Myeloperoxidase activity, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. Analysis of variance followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' test was done. Results were compared with control groups (significantly when p < 0.05). In bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2, and serotonin tests, 75 mg/kg CC decreased significantly paw edema (t = 30, 60, 90, and/or 120 min). In carrageenan test, 50 and 75 mg/kg CC (t = 3 h and t = 4 h) and 25 mg/kg CC (t = 4 h) decreased significantly paw edema. CC (75 mg/kg) inhibited significantly mieloperoxidase activity and decreased IL-1β and TNF-α, and all doses increased GSH levels. CC (75 mg/kg) decreased significantly the number of contortions of animals and time of licking (phase 2). CC showed anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects in mice.

The exogenous administration of CB2 specific agonist, GW405833, inhibits inflammation by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress

“…Cell migration into the site of injury, erythema, oedema, pain, and fever are clinical signs of inflammation and symptoms. The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), activated by macrophages, leads to vascular endothelial cell activation and causes leukocytes to migrate to the inflamed region (7).…”

Health Benefits and Pharmacological Properties of Carvone

“…The anti-inflammatory activity of cyane–carvone (CC), a monocyclic monoterpene, was evaluated by the methods of bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), serotonin, and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice [ 34 ]. It was found that in bradykinin, histamine, PGE 2 , and serotonin tests, 75 mg/kg CC significantly decreased paw edema (t = 30, 60, 90, and/or 120 min).…”

“…The antiproliferative mechanism of action has also been elucidated. Moreover, some studies proved the anti-inflammatory property of carvone and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Anticancer mechanisms of carvone are due to its different actions against checkpoints of cancer cells such as inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.…”

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Essential Oil in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

“…Studies on carvone derivatives also demonstrated their anti-inflammatory potential [18]. de Sousa et al reported that orally administered hydroxydihydrocarvone exerted anti-inflammatory effects in rats and mice [21,22]. Marques et al studied the anti-inflammatory activity of cyane-carvone, a synthetic derivative of carvone, and found that it significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels and significantly inhibited paw edema in mice [22].…”