Cyanide treatment: Physical, chemical and biological processes

Botz, M.M.; Mudder, T. I.; Akçıl, Ata

doi:10.1016/s0167-4528(05)15028-5

Cited by 83 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This has led to the development of numerous biological, physical and chemical treatment methods [37].…”

Section: Chemical Physical and Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Impact on Water Quality and Treatment Options of Cyanide Used in Gold Ore Processing

Nyamunda¹

2017

Water Quality

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Cyanide has been widely used in several industrial applications such as electroplating photography, metal processing, agriculture, food and the production of organic chemicals, plastics, paints and insecticides. The strong affinity of cyanide for metals such as gold and silver makes it suitable for selective leaching of these metals from ores. Cyanide is highly toxic; hence, there is a need to regulate and limit the amount of cyanide that may be discharged into the environment. Technologies focusing on the use of physical, chemical and biological methods have been developed to reduce the concentration of cyanide and cyanide compounds in wastewaters to permissible limits. This chapter reviews the current and emerging technologies for treatment of cyanide from wastewaters generated in gold mining processes.

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“…This has led to the development of numerous biological, physical and chemical treatment methods [37].…”

Section: Chemical Physical and Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Impact on Water Quality and Treatment Options of Cyanide Used in Gold Ore Processing

Nyamunda¹

2017

Water Quality

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“…A considerable number of methods have been developed for recovering valuable metals and cyanide from waste cyanide solutions. Acidification, volatilization, and recovery (AVR) and some modifications have been long practiced in some gold operations, but the high consumption and cost of reagents has significantly limited their application [4][5][6]. The indirect recovery of metals and cyanide by activated carbon and ion-exchange resin has been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper and Cyanide Extraction with Emulsion Liquid Membrane with LIX 7950 as the Mobile Carrier: Part 1, Emulsion Stability

Chang

Wang

et al. 2015

Metals

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Abstract:The potential use of emulsion liquid membranes (ELMs) with LIX 7950 as the mobile carrier to remove heavy metals from waste cyanide solutions has been proposed. Relatively stable ELMs with reasonable leakage and swelling can be formed under suitable mixing time and speed during emulsification. The concentration of LIX 7950 and Span 80 in the membrane phase, KOH in the internal phase and the volume ratio of membrane to internal phases are also critical to ELM formation. The efficiency of copper and cyanide removal from dilute cyanide solution by ELMs is related to ELM stability to some extent. More than 90% copper and cyanide can be removed from dilute cyanide solutions by ELMs formed under suitable experimental conditions.

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“…In addition, biological cyanide treatment processes have become progressively widespread especially in the mining industry due to their ability to simultaneously remove multiple contaminants, their relatively low operating cost and ability to produce high-quality effluents (Botz et al 2005). It was reported in the literature that biological treatment had the ability to attain cyanide removal efficiency equivalent to those obtained through chemical or physical treatment under optimal conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodetoxification of cyanide-containing industrial wastewaters by Rhodococcus UKMP-5M

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The utilization of cyanide in many industrial processes despite its toxicity generated voluminous effluents, which necessitated treatment prior to discharge into the environment. In the present study, Rhodococcus UKMP-5M was solely employed as biological tool to detoxify three different cyanide-containing industrial wastewaters with different characteristics since initial attempt to employ mixed culture of Rhodococcus strains was unsuccessful due to synergistic interaction which yielded only 19% biodetoxification of 12 mM cyanide. The bacterium was able to achieve 97% cyanide removal efficiency in Wastewater A (pH 8.4) after 19 days of incubation. However, the growing cells needed the supplementation of nutrients, which was uneconomical besides requiring extensive time for complete detoxification. In contrast, the employment of immobilized beads of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M, which required a relatively straightforward method, were cost-effective in detoxifying almost 100% of 15 mM cyanide in Wastewater C (pH 9.5) within a short period of 3 days of incubation. This discovery is highly significant since most wastewaters pHs originating from various industrial applications involving cyanide often range from 6 to 9.5 and this strain is therefore seemingly effective for biodetoxification of cyanide-containing wastewaters with high pH values. In addition, it is interesting to note that the presence of heavy metals in the wastewaters did not inhibit the cyanide-degrading activity of the bacterium. The findings from this study provided essential information to develop a pilot plant on a technical scale for the biotreatment of industrial effluents bearing cyanide, which should be of great interest from an environmental and economic point of views.

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Cyanide treatment: Physical, chemical and biological processes

Cited by 83 publications

References 4 publications

Review of the Impact on Water Quality and Treatment Options of Cyanide Used in Gold Ore Processing

Review of the Impact on Water Quality and Treatment Options of Cyanide Used in Gold Ore Processing

Copper and Cyanide Extraction with Emulsion Liquid Membrane with LIX 7950 as the Mobile Carrier: Part 1, Emulsion Stability

Biodetoxification of cyanide-containing industrial wastewaters by Rhodococcus UKMP-5M

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