Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside increases whole body energy metabolism by upregulating brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function

You, Yilin; Yuan, Xiaoxue; Liu, Xiaomeng; Chen, Liang; Meng, Minghui; Huang, Yuanyuan; Han, Xue; Guo, Jielong; Guo, Yu; Ren, Chenglong; Zhang, Qianwen; Sun, Xiangyu; Ma, Tingting; Liu, Guojie; Jin, Wanzhu; Huang, Weidong; Zhan, Jicheng

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700261

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Phase II metabolites of C3G, such as PCA-3-glucuronide (PCA-3-Gluc), PCA-4-glucuronide (PCA-4-Gluc), PCA-3-sulfate (PCA-3-Sulf), PCA-4-sulfate (PCA-4-Sulf), VA, VA-4-sulfate (VA-4-Sulf), isovanillic acid (IVA), IVA-3-sulfate (IVA-3-Sulf), and FA, are mostly derived from PCA and PGA [1,8]. VA and FA represent the bioactive phenolic metabolites based on recent studies.…”

Section: Biological Functions Of C3g-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although anthocyanins vary in different plants, six anthocyanidins, including pelargonidins, cyanidins, delphinidins, peonidins, petunidins, and malvidins, are considered as the major natural anthocyanidins. Berries, such as red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.), and mulberry are used as folk medicine traditionally, and their extracts have been used in the treatment of disorders such as cardiovascular disease [1], obesity [2], neurodegeneration [3], liver diseases [4], and cancer [5], in recent years. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most common anthocyanins naturally found in black rice, black bean, purple potato, and many colorful berries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have suggested that C3G potentially exerts functions primarily through C3G metabolites (C3G-Ms) [7], and more than 20 kinds of C3G-Ms have been identified in serum by a pharmacokinetics study in humans [8]. Although the function and mechanism of C3G-Ms are still not clear, protocatechuic acid (PCA) [9][10][11][12], phloroglucinaldehyde (PGA) [1], vanillic acid (VA) [13][14][15], ferulic acid (FA) [16][17][18][19], and their derivates represent the main bioactive metabolites of C3G due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity

et al. 2019

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Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a well-known natural anthocyanin and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestinal tract could produce bioactive phenolic metabolites, such as protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid, which enhance C3G bioavailability and contribute to both mucosal barrier and microbiota. To get an overview of the function and mechanisms of C3G and its phenolic metabolites, we review the accumulated data of the absorption and catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestine, and attempt to give crosstalk between the phenolic metabolites, gut microbiota, and mucosal innate immune signaling pathways.

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Section: Biological Functions Of C3g-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity

et al. 2019

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“…Researchers have previously demonstrated that polyphenol monomers, such as rutin, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G), and vanillic acid (VA), are beneficial in resisting dietary‐induced obesity by stimulating the thermogenesis of BAT in mice. [ 6–8 ] However, the direct utilization of polyphenols by mammals, such as human beings and mice, is quite low as indicated by the small serum concentrations of both polyphenols and their metabolites, which seems to be unable to fulfill their biological functions. [ 9,10 ] Therefore, a more precise relationship between polyphenols and BAT activation needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Extract Activates Brown Adipose Tissue Through Pathway Involving the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid

Han

Guo

Yin

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Although the physiological function of grape extract (GE) has long been recognized, the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the effects of GE on metabolism and the association between GE activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the restoration of gut microbiota (GM). Methods and results: Diet-induced obese mice are used to investigate the function of GE. GE administration increases energy metabolism and prevents obesity. Also, GE restores the dysbiosis of GM by augmenting the observed species, enhancing the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of the Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, and Clostridia genera. This restoration of GM alters the bile acid (BA) pool in the serum. The abundance of Akkermansia, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium is negatively correlated with the concentrations of T MCA, T MCA, and TCA but is positively correlated with DCA. The changes in BA promoted TGR5 in BAT, which contributed to thermogenesis. The metabolites of GE in blood do not stimulate TGR5 in vitro. Conclusion: GE stimulates the thermogenesis of BAT through a pathway involving the regulation of GM and BA in diet-induced obese mice. This study reveals the mechanism by which dietary polyphenols promote thermogenesis by regulating BA, which is altered by GM. ments; X.H. wrote the paper.

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“…[1][2][3] It is the most common member of the anthocyanin family. 4 Many studies describe C3G as an antioxidant [4][5][6][7] contributing to anti-inflammation, [7][8][9] anti-obesity, 10,11 and anti-diabetic 7,[11][12][13] processes, and to the reduction of risk of cardiovascular diseases. 7,14 Furthermore, several reports show the C3G's inhibitory effect on cancer metastasis, tumor progression and cell migration in lung, 15,16 and breast 17,18 cancer cell lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside binds to talin and modulates colon cancer cell adhesions and 3D growth

Baster

Kukkurainen

et al. 2020

FASEB j.

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Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a natural pigment, found in many colorful fruits and vegetables. It has many health benefits, including anti-inflammation, cancer prevention, and anti-diabetes. Although C3G is assumed to be an antioxidant, it has been reported to affect cell-matrix adhesions. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, we show that the expression of talin1, a key regulator of integrins and cell adhesions, negatively correlated with the survival rate of colon cancer patients and that depletion of talin1 inhibited 3D spheroid growth in colon cancer cells. Interestingly, C3G bound to talin and promoted the interaction of talin with β1A-integrin. Molecular docking analysis shows that C3G binds to the interface of the talin-β-integrin complex, acting as an allosteric regulator and altering the interaction between talin and integrin. Moreover, C3G promoted colon cancer cell attachment to fibronectin. While C3G had no significant effect on colon cancer cell proliferation, it significantly inhibited 3D spheroid growth in fibrin gel assays. Since C3G has no or very low toxicity, it could be potentially used for colon cancer prevention or therapy. K E Y W O R D Sadhesion, cancer prevention, cyanidin-3-glucoside, drug discovery, molecular docking, talin1, talin2, β-integrin 2228 | BASTER ET Al. | 2229BASTER ET Al. | Cell proliferation assaysCells were trypsinized and resuspended in DMEM containing 10% FBS at a density of 5 × 10 4 cells/mL. Cells were treated with C3G or vehicle (DMSO) where was indicated. One hundred microliters of cells was added to each well of 96-well tissue culture plates. The cells were allowed to grow for 1-4 days (as indicated) in a CO2 incubator and then incubated with 10 µL (per well) of TetraZ (WST-8) cell counting kit. Cell proliferation was determined by measuring absorbance 450 nm using a BioTek plate reader.

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Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside increases whole body energy metabolism by upregulating brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function

Abstract: Our results suggest that C3G plays a role in regulating systemic energy balance, which may have potential therapeutic implications for the prevention and control of obesity.

Cited by 69 publications

References 64 publications

The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity

The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity

Grape Extract Activates Brown Adipose Tissue Through Pathway Involving the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid

Cyanidin‐3‐glucoside binds to talin and modulates colon cancer cell adhesions and 3D growth

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