Cyanobacterial Symbioses

Adams, David G.; Duggan, Paula S.; Jackson, Owen

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-3855-3_23

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 367 publications

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“…While most species generally establish photosymbiosis with cyanobacteria (Fig. ; Usher, ; Adams, Duggan & Jackson, ; Thacker & Freeman, ), demospongian sponges might also harbour green non‐sulfur bacteria of the genus Chloroflexi (Schmitt et al, ; Webster & Taylor, ), members of the Clionaidae are symbiotic with the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium (Fig. ; Granados et al, ; Hill et al, ), chlorophyte algae such as Chlorella are found in Spongilla (Fig.…”

Section: Biodiversity Of Photosymbiosis In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

et al. 2018

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Mutualistic symbioses are common throughout the animal kingdom. Rather unusual is a form of symbiosis, photosymbiosis, where animals are symbiotic with photoautotrophic organisms. Photosymbiosis is found among sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, molluscs, ascidians and even some amphibians. Generally the animal host harbours a phototrophic partner, usually a cyanobacteria or a unicellular alga. An exception to this rule is found in some sea slugs, which only retain the chloroplasts of the algal food source and maintain them photosynthetically active in their own cytosol - a phenomenon called 'functional kleptoplasty'. Research has focused largely on the biodiversity of photosymbiotic species across a range of taxa. However, many questions with regard to the evolution of the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis are still unanswered. To date, attempts to understand genome adaptations which could potentially lead to the evolution of photosymbioses have only been performed in cnidarians. This knowledge gap for other systems is mainly due to a lack of genetic information, both for non-symbiotic and symbiotic species. Considering non-photosymbiotic species is, however, important to understand the factors that make symbiotic species so unique. Herein we provide an overview of the diversity of photosymbioses across the animal kingdom and discuss potential scenarios for the evolution of this association in different lineages. We stress that the evolution of photosymbiosis is probably based on genome adaptations, which (i) lead to recognition of the symbiont to establish the symbiosis, and (ii) are needed to maintain the symbiosis. We hope to stimulate research involving sequencing the genomes of various key taxa to increase the genomic resources needed to understand the most fundamental question: how have animals evolved the ability to establish and maintain a photosymbiosis?

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Section: Biodiversity Of Photosymbiosis In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

et al. 2018

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“…They are also found in a wide variety of terrestrial environments, including hot geothermal springs, and can grow in polar environments. They are known to inhabit terrestrial sites, where they are often found in symbiosis with lichens and are common inhabitants of well fertilised golf courses (Adams et al, 2012;Whitton, 2000). Perhaps, the largest impact of cyanobacteria in terrestrial environments is where they occur as desert crusts in a large part of the world (Belnap et al, 2003;Hu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotoxic amino acids and their isomers in desert environments

Metcalf

Banack

Richer

et al. 2015

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…During the introductory botany course a young faculty member named Wytze Stam showed me filaments of Anabaena with many heterocysts, hidden within the leaf cavities of the water fern Azolla (see Adams, Duggan and Jackson, 2012 for more information). Later Wytze Stam became a pioneer of molecular systematics studies of cyanobacteria (then called "blue-green algae"), being the first to apply the technique of DNA-DNA hybridization to elucidate taxonomic relationships between different species (Stam and Venema, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria

2013

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Cyanobacterial Symbioses

Cited by 28 publications

References 367 publications

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

Polymorphic adaptations in metazoans to establish and maintain photosymbioses

Neurotoxic amino acids and their isomers in desert environments

Cyanobacteria

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