Cyanotoxins, biosynthetic gene clusters, and factors modulating cyanotoxin biosynthesis

Bashir, Fahim; Bashir, Aadil; Bouaı̈cha, Noureddine; Chen, Liang; Codd, Geoffrey A.; Neilan, Brett A.; Xu, Wenli; Ziko, Laila; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Minkina, Tatiana; Arruda, Renan Silva; Ganai, Bashir Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s11274-023-03652-x

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…are very toxic and dangerous for other marine organisms and humans, some strains may produce metabolites with possible beneficial effects for human health. This was also found for other toxic species such as cyanobacteria [138,139]. This testifies how important it is for biological inter-species diversity, and how it can protect and maintain this diversity for the health status of the marine environment and humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Alexandrium spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits

Montuori,

De Luca,

Penna

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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Many dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium are well known for being responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs), producing potent toxins that cause damages to other marine organisms, aquaculture, fishery, tourism, as well as induce human intoxications and even death after consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish. In this review, we summarize potential bioprospecting associated to the genus Alexandrium, including which Alexandrium spp. produce metabolites with anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, as well as anti-Alzheimer applications. When available, we report their mechanisms of action and targets. We also discuss recent progress on the identification of secondary metabolites with biological properties favorable to human health and aquaculture. Altogether, this information highlights the importance of studying which culturing conditions induce the activation of enzymatic pathways responsible for the synthesis of bioactive metabolites. It also suggests considering and comparing clones collected in different locations for toxin monitoring and marine bioprospecting. This review can be of interest not only for the scientific community, but also for the entire population and industries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Alexandrium spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits

Montuori,

De Luca,

Penna

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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“…Even while some environmental variables, such as water temperature, pH, and nutrient levels, may be associated with higher cyanotoxin levels, the interaction of these variables with the particular cyanobacteria species present makes the issue complex. Effective management of a poisonous cyanobacterial bloom requires an understanding of how different environmental conditions affect the regulation of cyanotoxins [ 213 , 214 , 215 ].…”

Section: Managing and Mitigating Cyanobacterial Blooms And Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Risks of Diffusion of Cyanobacteria Toxins in Rivers, Lakes, and Potable Water

Thawabteh,

Naseef,

Karaman

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, may be prevalent in our rivers and tap water. These minuscule bacteria can grow swiftly and form blooms in warm, nutrient-rich water. Toxins produced by cyanobacteria can pollute rivers and streams and harm the liver and nervous system in humans. This review highlights the properties of 25 toxin types produced by 12 different cyanobacteria genera. The review also covered strategies for reducing and controlling cyanobacteria issues. These include using physical or chemical treatments, cutting back on fertilizer input, algal lawn scrubbers, and antagonistic microorganisms for biocontrol. Micro-, nano- and ultrafiltration techniques could be used for the removal of internal and extracellular cyanotoxins, in addition to powdered or granular activated carbon, ozonation, sedimentation, ultraviolet radiation, potassium permanganate, free chlorine, and pre-treatment oxidation techniques. The efficiency of treatment techniques for removing intracellular and extracellular cyanotoxins is also demonstrated. These approaches aim to lessen the risks of cyanobacterial blooms and associated toxins. Effective management of cyanobacteria in water systems depends on early detection and quick action. Cyanobacteria cells and their toxins can be detected using microscopy, molecular methods, chromatography, and spectroscopy. Understanding the causes of blooms and the many ways for their detection and elimination will help the management of this crucial environmental issue.

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“…Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a global public health concern and consistently affect Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba, Canada [ 1 , 2 ]. Lake Winnipeg is the tenth largest freshwater lake in the world with two distinct basins (north and south) separated by a narrow channel [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main concerns arising from Lake Winnipeg cyanobacterial blooms is the production of cyanobacterial toxins, including non-protein amino acids (NPAAs) which are associated with adverse health effects [ 1 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. β- N -methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is a NPAA first identified in cycad seeds from Guam collected by the ethnobotanist Marjorie Grant Whiting [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Diversity Impacts Non-Protein Amino Acid Production in Cyanobacterial Bloom Cultures Collected from Lake Winnipeg

Bishop,

Solonenka,

Giebelhaus

et al. 2024

Toxins

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Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba, Canada is heavily impacted by harmful algal blooms that contain non-protein amino acids (NPAAs) produced by cyanobacteria: N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine (AEG), β-aminomethyl-L-alanine (BAMA), β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), and 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB). Our objective was to investigate the impact of microbial diversity on NPAA production by cyanobacteria using semi-purified crude cyanobacterial cultures established from field samples collected by the Lake Winnipeg Research Consortium between 2016 and 2021. NPAAs were detected and quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) using validated analytical methods, while Shannon and Simpson alpha diversity scores were determined from 16S rRNA metagenomic sequences. Alpha diversity in isolate cultures was significantly decreased compared to crude cyanobacterial cultures (p < 0.001), indicating successful semi-purification. BMAA and AEG concentrations were higher in crude compared to isolate cultures (p < 0.0001), and AEG concentrations were correlated to the alpha diversity in cultures (r = 0.554; p < 0.0001). BAMA concentrations were increased in isolate cultures (p < 0.05), while DAB concentrations were similar in crude and isolate cultures. These results demonstrate that microbial community complexity impacts NPAA production by cyanobacteria and related organisms.

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Cyanotoxins, biosynthetic gene clusters, and factors modulating cyanotoxin biosynthesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 182 publications

Alexandrium spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits

Alexandrium spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits

Understanding the Risks of Diffusion of Cyanobacteria Toxins in Rivers, Lakes, and Potable Water

Microbial Diversity Impacts Non-Protein Amino Acid Production in Cyanobacterial Bloom Cultures Collected from Lake Winnipeg

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