Cyber-Attacks on the Data Communication of Drones Monitoring Critical Infrastructure

Benkraouda, Hadjer; Barka, Ezedin; Shuaib, Khaled

doi:10.5121/csit.2018.81708

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The integrity of the transmitted data is a crucial security and safety requirement of the UAV operation. The most common attacks targeting data integrity are Man-in-the-Middle attack [102], Replay attack [103], GPS and other Sensor Spoofing [104], and Hijacking attack [105]. Integrity attacks are carried out by either altering the transmitted data or inserting malicious data to overwrite the genuine data.…”

Section: Security and Safety Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a physical layer, the easiest way to disrupt communication is to execute a Jamming attack by overpowering the authentic radio signal with a stronger interfering signal of the same frequency, thus overriding the authentic signal and blocking the receiver from acquiring the intended data. If a Jamming attack is effective, UAV loses connection with GCS and goes into fail-safe mode, often returning back to the launch position [103]. Jammers can be proactive or reactive.…”

Section: Communication-based Vulnerabilities Threats and Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, physical layer security in UAVs involves employing a combination of different techniques to protect the wireless communication link from unauthorized access, interference, and interception and allows to ensure reliable and secure wireless communication between the UAVs and the GCS. [103] Detection mechanisms and introduction of a timestamp [126,131,132] Unencrypted radio communication Eavesdropping attack [133] Encrypted and authenticated communication [52],…”

Section: Physical Layer Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Survey on Sensor- and Communication-Based Issues of Autonomous UAVs

Mykytyn,

Brzozowski,

Dyka

et al. 2024

CMES

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The application field for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology and its adoption rate have been increasing steadily in the past years. Decreasing cost of commercial drones has enabled their use at a scale broader than ever before. However, increasing the complexity of UAVs and decreasing the cost, both contribute to a lack of implemented security measures and raise new security and safety concerns. For instance, the issue of implausible or tampered UAV sensor measurements is barely addressed in the current research literature and thus, requires more attention from the research community. The goal of this survey is to extensively review state-of-the-art literature regarding common sensor-and communication-based vulnerabilities, existing threats, and active or passive cyberattacks against UAVs, as well as shed light on the research gaps in the literature. In this work, we describe the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) architecture to point out the origination sources for security and safety issues. We evaluate the coverage and completeness of each related research work in a comprehensive comparison table as well as classify the threats, vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks into sensor-based and communication-based categories. Additionally, for each individual cyber-attack, we describe existing countermeasures or detection mechanisms and provide a list of requirements to ensure UAV's security and safety. We also address the problem of implausible sensor measurements and introduce the idea of a plausibility check for sensor data. By doing so, we discover additional measures to improve security and safety and report on a research niche that is not well represented in the current research literature. KEYWORDSUnmanned aerial vehicle; unmanned aerial system; cyber security and privacy; drone swarm; security vulnerabilities; cyber-threats; cyber-attacks; plausibility check Nomenclature UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle UAS Unmanned aerial system GCS Ground control station IMU Inertial measurement unit FDI Fault detection and isolation FTC Fault tolerant control 1020

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Section: Security and Safety Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Communication-based Vulnerabilities Threats and Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Layer Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey on Sensor- and Communication-Based Issues of Autonomous UAVs

Mykytyn,

Brzozowski,

Dyka

et al. 2024

CMES

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“…e) Integrity solutions: Integrity can be ensured using signature, hash functions, message authentication code (MAC) and authenticated encryption cryptographic primitives [43], [44].…”

Section: Security Attacks On Mavlink Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

et al. 2019

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The micro air vehicle link (MAVLink in short) is a communication protocol for unmanned systems (e.g., drones and robots). It specifies a comprehensive set of messages exchanged between unmanned systems and ground stations. This protocol is used in major autopilot systems, mainly ArduPilot and PX4, and provides powerful features not only for monitoring and controlling unmanned systems missions but also for their integration into the Internet. However, there is no technical survey and/or tutorial in the literature that presents these features or explains how to make use of them. Most of the references are online tutorials and basic technical reports, and none of them presents comprehensive and systematic coverage of the protocol. In this paper, we address this gap, and we propose an overview of the MAVLink protocol, the difference between its versions, and it is potential in enabling Internet connectivity to unmanned systems. We also discuss the security aspects of the MAVLink. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first technical survey and tutorial on the MAVLink protocol, which represents an important reference for unmanned systems users and developers. INDEX TERMS MAVLink, ArduPilot, PX4, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Ground Control Stations (GCSs).

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“…It aims to interrupt the drone communication using channel interference, data‐packet flooding, data collision, or extensive external noise such as denial of service/distributed denial of service attacks 28 . It is easily executable as it does not require any far‐reaching knowledge about the victim organization 29 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion of blockchain and artificial intelligence for secure drone networking underlying 5G communications

Gupta

Kumari

Tanwar

2020

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Nowadays, the exponential increase in the usage of drones in various realms of societal and military applications necessitates advancements and stability in drone communication. Drones have proven their potential in providing real‐time cost‐efficient solutions for several applications like healthcare, smart grid surveillance, smart city monitoring, and border surveillance. Though it has many security and privacy issues, researchers across the globe have given numerous solutions to protect drone communication from cyber‐attacks. Most of these solutions were based on cryptographic techniques and are highly compute extensive. There exist few blockchain‐based solutions, which suffer from high transaction storage costs with communication reliability, latency, and bandwidth issues. Motivated by these facts, in this paper, we present a comprehensive survey to secure drone communication and propose a blockchain‐based secure and intelligent drone communication architecture underlying 5G communication network and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The proposed architecture uses an InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) as a platform for data storage, which ensures improved network performance, communication security and privacy, and reduces transaction storage cost. Further, it facilitates efficient drone communication in providing dynamic, flexible, and on‐the‐fly decisions competencies through 5G and AI technologies. Then, we incorporate a healthcare‐based case study using the proposed architecture. At last, future research challenges and directions are emphasized for improvement in this research area.

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Cyber-Attacks on the Data Communication of Drones Monitoring Critical Infrastructure

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

A Survey on Sensor- and Communication-Based Issues of Autonomous UAVs

A Survey on Sensor- and Communication-Based Issues of Autonomous UAVs

Micro Air Vehicle Link (MAVlink) in a Nutshell: A Survey

Fusion of blockchain and artificial intelligence for secure drone networking underlying 5G communications

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