Cyber-Physical Stress-Testing Platform for Water Distribution Networks

Nikolopoulos, Dionysios; Moraitis, George; Bouziotas, Dimitrios; Lykou, Archontia; Karavokiros, George; Makropoulos, Christos

doi:10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001722

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…RISKNOUGHT [55][56][57] simulation platform developed interaction between physical processes, and the computational and networking layers to simulate a range of cyber-physical threats including cyber-attacks targeting sensors, actuators, PLCs, SCADA and historians, causing physical damage to hydraulic components such as pumps, valves and pipes. Similarly, Taormina et al [66] included a range of attack scenarios with the epanetCPA [53] toolkit to simulate cyber and physical attacks that target sensors, actuators, PLCs and SCADA, and communication between these components.…”

Section: Cyber-attack Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulation tools developed to study security of water systems include EPANET [59] based tools: epanetCPA [52,53], a simulation toolbox designed for simulating water distribution networks; and RISKNOUGHT (2018) [55][56][57] developed by STOP-IT project as a "cyber-physical stress testing platform for water distribution networks" including functionalities to simulate the flow of information between physical (hydraulic model) and cyber layers (SCADA networks).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of the State of Cyber-Security in Water Systems

Tuptuk

Hazell

Watson

et al. 2021

Water

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Critical infrastructure systems are evolving from isolated bespoke systems to those that use general-purpose computing hosts, IoT sensors, edge computing, wireless networks and artificial intelligence. Although this move improves sensing and control capacity and gives better integration with business requirements, it also increases the scope for attack from malicious entities that intend to conduct industrial espionage and sabotage against these systems. In this paper, we review the state of the cyber-security research that is focused on improving the security of the water supply and wastewater collection and treatment systems that form part of the critical national infrastructure. We cover the publication statistics of the research in this area, the aspects of security being addressed, and future work required to achieve better cyber-security for water systems.

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Section: Cyber-attack Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the State of Cyber-Security in Water Systems

Tuptuk

Hazell

Watson

et al. 2021

Water

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“…Stress-testing platform for cyber-physical water infrastructure [22,23] Modeling a variety of cyber-physical attacks affecting the normal operation of SCADA elements (e.g., sensors, actuators, PLCs), assessing their impact in what-if exploration scenarios while retaining enough fidelity in the representation of interacting processes and information flow in the cyber layer.…”

Section: Approach Advantages Shortcomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLAP: A Cross-Layer Analytic Platform for the Correlation of Cyber and Physical Security Events Affecting Water Critical Infrastructures

González-Granadillo

Díaz

Caubet

et al. 2021

JCP

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Water CIs are exposed to a wide number of IT challenges that go from the cooperation and alignment between physical and cyber security teams to the proliferation of new vulnerabilities and complex cyber-attacks with potential disastrous consequences. Although novel and powerful solutions are proposed in the literature, most of them lack appropriate mechanisms to detect cyber and physical attacks in real time. We propose a Cross-Layer Analytic Platform (denoted as CLAP) developed for the correlation of Cyber and Physical security events affecting water CIs. CLAP aims to improve the detection of complex attack scenarios in real time based on the correlation of cyber and physical security events. The platform assigns appropriate severity values to each correlated alarm that will guide security analysts in the decision-making process of prioritizing mitigation actions. A series of passive and active attack scenarios against the target infrastructure are presented at the end of the paper to show the mechanisms used for the detection and correlation of cyber–physical security events. Results show promising benefits in the improvement of response accuracy, false rates reduction and real-time detection of complex attacks based on cross-correlation rules.

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“…Cyber-physical attacks have increased in recent years. An example attack targeted the Maroochy Water Service Sewage in Australia in 2000 [16], [17]. The adversary hacked the sewage pumping station by monitoring the radio network and sending a false message to corrupt the SCADA system and to alter the data of the sewage pumping station [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example attack targeted the Maroochy Water Service Sewage in Australia in 2000 [16], [17]. The adversary hacked the sewage pumping station by monitoring the radio network and sending a false message to corrupt the SCADA system and to alter the data of the sewage pumping station [16], [17]. As a result, the attack disrupted the communication for a short period between the SCADA system and the sewage pumping station and disables the operation of the sewage pump.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Cyber-Physical Attacks and Detection Methods in Smart Water Distribution Systems

Addeen

Xiao

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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Modern technologies empower water distribution systems (WDS) for better services in the processes of water supply, storage, distribution, and recycling. They improve real-time monitoring, automating, and managing. However, the limitations of these technologies introduce cyber-physical attacks to the WDS. The main goals of cyber-physical attacks include disrupting normal operations and tampering the critical data, which have negative impacts on the WDS. Therefore, it is vital to develop and implement solutions to increase the security of the WDS by detecting and mitigating cyber-physical attacks. Since security for WDS is relatively new, there are no surveys on this topic in spite of its vital importance. Therefore, in this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey for the common cyber-physical attacks and common detection mechanisms for the WDS. We compare the attacks and detection methods with emphasis on ideas, methods, evaluation results, advantages, limitations, etc. We further provide a future research direction. We realize that there are still not much research attempts in this area and we hope that this work can trigger more research activities related to the WDS.

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Cyber-Physical Stress-Testing Platform for Water Distribution Networks

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

A Systematic Review of the State of Cyber-Security in Water Systems

A Systematic Review of the State of Cyber-Security in Water Systems

CLAP: A Cross-Layer Analytic Platform for the Correlation of Cyber and Physical Security Events Affecting Water Critical Infrastructures

A Survey of Cyber-Physical Attacks and Detection Methods in Smart Water Distribution Systems

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