Cyber-Physical Systems: A New Paradigm for Energy Technology Development

Tucker, David; Pezzini, Paolo; Bryden, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1115/power2018-7315

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…With the current trend of digitalization development, this fully automated design is possible to execute in the next five to ten years [8]. Furthermore, the CPS implemented in [102] enables flexible design configuration of the energy supply components, thus leading to an optimized facility design for efficient energy supply [102].…”

Section: Cps and Connection Level (Iiot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability of Digitalization in Manufacturing: A Review

2020

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The rapid development and implementation of digitalization in manufacturing has enormous impact on the environment. It is still unclear whether digitalization has positive or negative environmental impact from applications in manufacturing. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the overall implications of digitalization on environmental sustainability through a literature study, within the scope of manufacturing (product design, production, transportation, and customer service). The analysis and categorization of selected articles resulted in two main findings: (1) Digitalization in manufacturing contributes positively to environmental sustainability by increasing resource and information efficiency as a result of applying Industry 4.0 technologies throughout the product lifecycle; (2) the negative environmental burden of digitalization is primarily due to increased resource and energy use, as well as waste and emissions from manufacturing, use, and disposal of the hardware (the technology lifecycle). Based on these findings, a lifecycle perspective is proposed, considering the environmental impacts from both the product and technology lifecycles. This study identified key implications of digitalization on environmental sustainability in manufacturing to increase awareness of both the positive and negative impacts of digitalization and thereby support decision making to invest in new digital technologies.

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Section: Cps and Connection Level (Iiot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability of Digitalization in Manufacturing: A Review

2020

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“…The Hyper project at NETL combines physical and virtual components to study the integration of diverse power technologies into a gas turbine cycle [15]. Because of the control issues of hybrid power systems, the Hyper facility has been used for the development and validation of advanced control strategies [16].…”

Section: Hardwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This monitoring tool was implemented and validated at the Hybrid Performance Project (Hyper) at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [15]. An experimental test was conducted using the bleed-air (BA) valve to emulate the effect of a leak or fouling in the combustor of the gas turbine system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Real-Time System Identification to Detect Abnormal Operations in a Gas Turbine Cycle

Bonilla-Alvarado

Bryden

Shadle

et al. 2020

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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This paper presents a novel online system identification methodology for monitoring the performance of power systems. This methodology was demonstrated in a gas turbine recuperated power plant designed for a hybrid configuration. A 120-kW Garrett microturbine modified to test dynamic control strategies for hybrid power systems designed at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) was used to implement and validate this online system identification methodology. The main component of this methodology consists of an empirical transfer function model implemented in parallel to the turbine speed operation and the fuel control valve, which can monitor the process response of the gas turbine system while it is operating. During fully closed-loop operations or automated control, the output of the controller, fuel valve position, and the turbine speed measurements were fed for a given period of time to a recursive algorithm that determined the transfer function parameters during the nominal condition. After the new parameters were calculated, they were fed into the transfer function model for online prediction. The turbine speed measurement was compared against the transfer function prediction, and a control logic was implemented to capture when the system operated at nominal or abnormal conditions. To validate the ability to detect abnormal conditions during dynamic operations, drifting in the performance of the gas turbine system was evaluated. A leak in the turbomachinery working fluid was emulated by bleeding 10% of the airflow from the compressor discharge to the atmosphere, and electrical load steps were performed before and after the leak. This tool could detect the leak 7 s after it had occurred, which accounted for a fuel flow increase of approximately 15.8% to maintain the same load and constant turbine speed operations.

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“…Hyper features a combination of physical and virtual components to evaluate the dynamic response of highly complex hybrid cycles [8]. Hardware modifications were designed to couple a physical gas turbine system and recuperators with a cyberphysical solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system.…”

Section: Hardwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compressor discharge temperature was typically 475 K. Two counter-flow parallel heat exchangers were used to preheat the air exiting the compressor with flow from the turbine exhaust. The preheated air was then sent to a pressurized vessel representing the volume of the SOFC cathode [8]. Such a volume represents the residence time and flow for pressure dynamics of the SOFC [10,11].…”

Section: Hardwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Surge and Stall Detection Using Acoustic Analysis for Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycles

Cruz

Pezzini

Shadle

et al. 2020

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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Compressor dynamics were studied in a gas turbine-fuel cell hybrid power system having a larger compressor volume than traditionally found in gas turbine systems. This larger compressor volume adversely affects the surge margin of the gas turbine. Industrial acoustic sensors were placed near the compressor to identify when the equipment was getting close to the surge line. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) mathematical analysis was used to obtain spectra representing the probability density across the frequency range (0-5000 Hz). Comparison between FFT spectra for nominal and transient operations revealed that higher amplitude spikes were observed during incipient stall at three different frequencies, 900, 1020, and 1800 Hz. These frequencies were compared to the natural frequencies of the equipment and the frequency for the rotating turbomachinery to identify more general nature of the acoustic signal typical of the onset of compressor surge. The primary goal of this acoustic analysis was to establish an online methodology to monitor compressor stability that can be anticipated and avoided.Compressor dynamics were studied in a gas turbine-fuel cell hybrid power system having a larger compressor volume than traditionally found in gas turbine systems. This larger compressor volume adversely affects the surge margin of the gas turbine. Industrial acoustic sensors were placed near the compressor to identify when the equipment was getting close to the surge line. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) mathematical analysis was used to obtain spectra representing the probability density across the frequency range (0-5000 Hz). Comparison between FFT spectra for nominal and transient operations revealed that higher amplitude spikes were observed during incipient stall at three different frequencies, 900, 1020, and 1800 Hz. These frequencies were compared to the natural frequencies of the equipment and the frequency for the rotating turbomachinery to identify more general nature of the acoustic signal typical of the onset of compressor surge. The primary goal of this acoustic analysis was to establish an online methodology to monitor compressor stability that can be anticipated and avoided.

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Cyber-Physical Systems: A New Paradigm for Energy Technology Development

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental Sustainability of Digitalization in Manufacturing: A Review

Environmental Sustainability of Digitalization in Manufacturing: A Review

Development of Real-Time System Identification to Detect Abnormal Operations in a Gas Turbine Cycle

Surge and Stall Detection Using Acoustic Analysis for Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycles

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