Cyber security risk assessment for seaports: A case study of a container port

Gunes, Bunyamin; Kayisoglu, Gizem; Bolat, Pelin

doi:10.1016/j.cose.2021.102196

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In this domain, some initiatives aim to strengthen the framework of the guidelines and create cybersecurity systems since there are still significant weaknesses in this aspect [ 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 ]. According to [ 98 ], the current maritime cybersecurity guidelines have two main flaws: (1) they do not provide a holistic set of recommendations to key stakeholders in the shipping system and (2) the current guidelines are not sufficiently grounded in research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cybersecurity of ports has begun to be a focus of interest on the part of researchers. For example, the authors in [ 99 ] proposed to apply an integrated cyber risk assessment method for a container port with a cyber-physical perspective by analyzing four exemplary cyberattack scenarios. The authors apply a risk assessment methodology using an integrated cybersecurity management approach for each cyberattack scenario.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Industry 4.0 Technologies Applied to Inland Waterway Transport: Systematic Literature Review

Restrepo-Arias

Bedoya

Zapata-Cortés

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The focus of this article is inland waterway transport. Different problems in this domain have been studied due to the increase in waterway traffic globally. Industry 4.0 technologies have become an alternative for the possible solution of these problems. For this reason, this paper aims to answer the following research questions: (1) What are the main problems in transporting cargo by inland waterway? (2) What technological strategies are being studied to solve these problems? (3) What technologies from Industry 4.0 are used within the technological strategies to solve the exposed problems? This study adopts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. For this work, were recovered 645 articles, 88 of which were eligible, from which we could identify five domains corresponding to (1) traffic monitoring, (2) smart navigation, (3) emission reduction, (4) analytics with big data, and (5) cybersecurity. The strategies currently being considered combine navigation technologies, such as AIS (Automatic Identification System), which offers a large amount of data, with Industry 4.0 tools and mainly machine learning techniques, to take advantage of data collected over a long time. This study is, to our knowledge, one of the first to show how Industry 4.0 technologies are currently being used to tackle inland waterway transport problems and current application trends in the scientific community, which is a first step for the development of future studies and more advanced solutions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industry 4.0 Technologies Applied to Inland Waterway Transport: Systematic Literature Review

Restrepo-Arias

Bedoya

Zapata-Cortés

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With their central role, any disturbance in the operation of PCS and CCS could lead to major havoc in large ports with tremendous negative effects to maritime supply chains and the economy [9]. The Terminal Operating System (TOS) or Port Terminal Management System (PTMS) are systems mainly used for container terminal management (both for logistics and terminal crane management) [10]. Vessel Traffic Service (VTS), Automatic Identification System (AIS), and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) -such as GPS -are widely used in ports, for instance to follow ships' and tugs' activities and even for crane management.…”

Section: B Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyber-MAR Project: First Results and Perspectives on the Use of Hybrid Cyber Ranges for Port Cyber Risk Assessment

Jacq

Salazar

Parasuraman

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)

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With over 80% of goods transportation in volume carried by sea, ports are key infrastructures within the logistics value chain. To address the challenges of the globalized and competitive economy, ports are digitizing at a fast pace, evolving into smart ports. Consequently, the cyber-resilience of ports is essential to prevent possible disruptions to the economic supply chain. Over the last few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of disclosed cyber-attacks on ports. In this paper, we present the capabilities of a high-end hybrid cyber range for port cyber risks awareness and training. By describing a specific port use-case and the first results achieved, we draw perspectives for the use of cyber ranges for the training of port actors in cyber crisis management.

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“…Ports have some security aspects in the interconnection of cyber space and physical environments, since budgets are insufficient to invest in the ecosystem [101].…”

Section: Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Decision-Making in Smart Ports by Using Blockchain

et al. 2021

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Blockchain technology (BC) offers an innovation platform for decentralized and transparent transactions in the maritime port industry. This technology allows guaranteeing trust, transparency and traceability of cargo and data to be tracked. Today, in the port systems of emerging market countries, BC technology is increasingly being incorporated into information and communication processes. In parallel, the social domain has begun to be explored due to the lack of link between the port and the city it occupies, and the need to incorporate public actors in decision-making at the governance level. In this sense, the present work aims to promote BC technology in order to transform data and information into useful knowledge for effective decision making, through the use of Crowdsourcing. A Crowdsourcing Blockchain (CrowdBC) conceptual framework and its architecture are generated for a port system in which the cybertechnological, social and cognitive domains (CSTC) of smart ports, the knowledge generation process and Crowdsourcing technology are interrelated. Finally, opportunities are discussed for ports that are in permanent development to reduce the gaps with the smart industry. As a discussion, two possible scenarios and recommendations for future implementations that consider the social and cognitive aspects of Industry 4.0 are presented.

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Cyber security risk assessment for seaports: A case study of a container port

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Industry 4.0 Technologies Applied to Inland Waterway Transport: Systematic Literature Review

Industry 4.0 Technologies Applied to Inland Waterway Transport: Systematic Literature Review

The Cyber-MAR Project: First Results and Perspectives on the Use of Hybrid Cyber Ranges for Port Cyber Risk Assessment

Boosting the Decision-Making in Smart Ports by Using Blockchain

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