Cycles of Invention and Discovery

Narayanamurti, V.; Odumosu, Toluwalogo

doi:10.4159/9780674974135

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…There has been extensive scholarly debate about the form, strengths, and weaknesses of this model both as a description of the translational process, as well as its utility in informing, or constraining, the progress of innovation[18, 21, 22]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Academic organizations as a lobby for research funds and economists as expert advisors to policy makers have widely disseminated the model, or the understanding based thereon, and have justified government support of science using such a model.”[19] The concept of a progression from basic science to applications is reflected in the emphasis on the importance of basic research in the science establishment envisioned by Vannevar Bush in The Endless Frontier[19, 22, 23]. Bush wrote: “Basic research leads to new knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling timelines for translational science in cancer; the impact of technological maturation

McNamee

Ledley

2017

PLoS ONE

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This work examines translational science in cancer based on theories of innovation that posit a relationship between the maturation of technologies and their capacity to generate successful products. We examined the growth of technologies associated with 138 anticancer drugs using an analytical model that identifies the point of initiation of exponential growth and the point at which growth slows as the technology becomes established. Approval of targeted and biological products corresponded with technological maturation, with first approval averaging 14 years after the established point and 44 years after initiation of associated technologies. The lag in cancer drug approvals after the increases in cancer funding and dramatic scientific advances of the 1970s thus reflects predictable timelines of technology maturation. Analytical models of technological maturation may be used for technological forecasting to guide more efficient translation of scientific discoveries into cures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling timelines for translational science in cancer; the impact of technological maturation

McNamee

Ledley

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…In general, emergent phenomena often arise in complex systems with multiple feedback loops [9]. With HIBAR research, the emergent phenomena are often breakthrough discoveries that greatly benefit society [10] [11].…”

Section: Figure 1 (A) a Symbolic Depiction Of A Weak Linear Relatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Invigorating Hibar Research for the 21st Century: Enhancing Fundamental Research Excellence In Service to Society

Whitehead¹,

Slovic²,

Nelson³

2020

technol innov

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More than ever, society needs research breakthroughs to address major problems. Universities have a key role to play in discovering the required new knowledge and guiding its application. However, since World War II, universities have been encouraged to focus mainly on curiosity-based research, with corporations carrying out practical work. This division worked well in the last half of the 20th century, when there was considerable funding for long-term research in the laboratories of major corporations. Today, however, those firms face greater competition, and the resultant financial constraints have foreshortened their research time-horizons. Universities are poised to compensate by re-emphasizing long-term, application-oriented research, but great care must be taken to strengthen fundamental research as well. These objectives can be achieved simultaneously by bolstering a time-honored class of research projects labelled Highly Integrative Basic And Responsive (HIBAR), each of which combines fundamental and applied approaches through partnerships with practical experts. This approach will help repli- cate, within universities, the breakthrough-generation capacity that once flourished in major corporate laboratories. Toward this end, a network of universities called the HIBAR Research Alliance (HRA) has recently formed to strengthen HIBAR research, both by helping universities to encourage it (while also improving equity, diversity, inclusion, and academic freedom) and by helping researchers to carry out HIBAR research projects (while also advancing their careers). The HRA aims to increase the rate of HIBAR research projects in universities—from about one project in 20 today to one in five by 2030—while strengthening all types of research excellence.

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“…Research is motivated by deep human desires to discover, invent, explore, and learn, but is also fragile and by no means automatic. 24 Cultures in which failure is overly feared even as success is prized do not easily grant the "freedom to fail and the patience to succeed." 25 Research must be nurtured, not simply managed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%