Cyclic application of transformations using scales for spatially or structurally determined design

Automatic code compliance with multi-dimensional data fitting in a BIM context

“…: simple logical approach [54][55][56], predicate [57,58], deontology [59], ontological [60,61], Object-based approach [54,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69], programmatic aspects [70] or machine learning [71]. It appears that the current literature on structural design ACC within BIM is of a design concept nature rather than industry application of [48,69,[72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82]. Aimi Sara Ismail used a quote from the book 'Object-Oriented Methods: A foundation' [83], to justify the statement that 'The variety of different techniques will always continue to develop in this field, the challenge is how to select and integrate these approaches' [84].…”

Pre-processing parallel and orthogonally positioned structural design elements to be used within the finite element method

“…Recently, the idea of a research engine has been developed, in which spatial building designs are modified or transformed into structural building designs and vice versa by means of a cyclic procedure [1], Fig. 1.…”

A Bird’s-Eye View of Cyclic Spatial-Structural Transformations, Grammar Based Design, and Structural Optimization

“…Now it is very important to notice that the initial but still most important aim of the research engine is to study the effect of the selection of a specific transformation (which can be seen as representing a part of a design process) on the measures (which can be seen as specific properties of the design). Thus the research engine does not represent an optimization procedure in any form; it only makes it possible to study objectively the effect of chosen design methods on the design properties, without using these properties for validating the design quality itself (Hofmeyer, 2007). This is what is meant by 'Study of the design process' in figure 2.…”

“…Recently, in the research field of combined architecture and structural design, the idea of a so-called research engine has been developed (Hofmeyer, 2007). This research engine carries out automated cycles using four types of transformations: (1) from spatial design to structural design, (2) from structural design to another structural design, (3) from structural design to spatial design, and finally (4) from a spatial design to another spatial design, as shown in figure 1.…”

“…The MultiDisciplinary Feasible method (MDF), as presented by Alexandrov and Kodiyalam, 1998, uses the design variables (e.g. location of building elements, loads, structural boundary conditions) to solve the state vector (a solution in which both the Research engine (Hofmeyer, 2007), schematic view eCAADe 26 485 -Section 12: Prediction and Evaluation 2 spatial and structural design are not influencing each other anymore, a sort of convergence). Using a nonlinear programming technique, the derivatives of the function to be optimized to the design variables, using the known state vector, can be used to do a new prediction for the design variables.…”