Cyclic behaviour of steel ring filled with compressive plastic or concrete, installed in the concentric bracing system

Abstract

The present study intended to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of steel ring filled with compressive plastic (S.R.P.) or high-performance fibre-reinforced cementitious composites (S.R.C.) situated at the intersection of the braces. High-performance fibre-reinforced cementitious composites and plastic materials, associated with steel ring connection, seem to be helpful to dissipate the energy through braces better. Therefore, in this paper, the behaviour of S.R.C. and S.R.P. connections was analyzed under cyclic loading. Results showed a steady and relatively wide hysteresis curve for both connections, where the tensile ductility factors of S.R.P. and S.R.C. connections were found to be equal to 2.77 and 13.66, respectively. However, in general, the plastic ring, being operated efficiently to delay appearing the inelastic zone in the S.R.P. connection, was proved to outperform the HPFRCC material in the S.R.C. connection. In addition, numerical results revealed that maximum tensile and compressive loads of S.R.P. connection made with ST52 steel ring were found to be 14% and 10.7%, respectively, higher than those of S.R.P. connection made with ST37 steel ring.

Effects of the Concrete Strength and FRP Reinforcement Type on the Non-Linear Behavior of Concrete Deep Beams

“…As per Figure 3, the strengthened concrete deep beams included stirrup, concrete deep beam, top, bottom, and web reinforcements, three rigid sections as exterior and interior support plates, and two other rigid sections as loading plates. The three-dimensional (3D) hexahedral element was employed for modeling of the concrete beams [51][52][53][54][55]. The truss element type of 3D deformable wire was used for modeling the reinforcements.…”

Non-linear behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP and CFRP bars grouted in sleeves

“…In addition, the stress distribution of reinforced concrete models was assessed at nominal and ultimate moments. To realistically predict the non-linear behaviour of ductile and brittle materials, the von Mises stress and the maximum principal stress were used in ABAQUS software as proposed by other researchers [42,43]. Therefore, the contour plots of S, Mises and maximum principal stress were utilized to analyze the stress distribution in reinforcement and concrete element, respectively.…”

“…To model stirrups, steel, and GFRP and CFRP bars, the element type of 3D deformable wire (truss element) was employed. In addition, as recommended by other researchers [33,38,39,40,41,42], the element type of three-dimensional (3D) hexahedral element, with 8 nodes and reduced integration (C3D8R) was used to simulate the concrete beam, grout, sleeve, and rigid sections.…”

Numerical study on the flexural behaviour of normal- and high-strength concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bar, using different amounts of transverse reinforcement

“…For numerical modelling of specimens, the tie constraint, available in ABAQUS software, was introduced between two surfaces of the GFRP reinforced concrete beam and load cells. The surface to surface contact was introduced to the interaction between the GFRP reinforced concrete beam and supports in which no slip occurred, while nodes were in contact [51]. The perfect bond was numerically considered between the reinforcement and concrete component.…”