Cyclic climate and vegetation change in the late Miocene of Western Bulgaria

Utescher, Torsten; Ivanov, Dimiter; Harzhauser, Mathias; Bozukov, Vladimir; Ashraf, Abdul Rahman; Rolf, Christian; Urbat, M.; Mosbrugger, Volker

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.11.014

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Miller et al, 1991;Wade and Pälike, 2004), were probably tied to the orbital cycles, as shown by, e.g. Coxall et al (2005), Wade andPälike (2004), andPälike et al (2006). The late Oligocene was a time of global warming and retreat of ice sheets in Antarctica (Zachos et al, 2001a(Zachos et al, , 2008.…”

Section: U Kotthoff Et Al: Late Eocene To Middle Miocene Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Larsson et al, 2011). However, the MATs reconstructed for the Miocene of the Atlantic Coastal Plain (averaged MAT to ∼ 13.7 • C for the interval from ∼ 16.5 to ∼ 14 Ma and ∼ 14.3 • C thereafter) are colder by ∼ 1 to almost 4 • C compared to records from Denmark (∼ 17.5 • C, Larsson et al, 2011), Serbia (∼ 15.5 • C, Utescher et al, 2007), or Bulgaria (∼ 15 • C, Utescher et al, 2009), with European records from higher altitudes showing lower temperatures. Considering that the present-day MATs in the European regions mentioned above are significantly lower (e.g.…”

Section: Early Miocene (Late Burdigalian ∼ 19 To ∼ 165 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Several Oligocene shortterm sea-level and climate fluctuations, sometimes called Oi events (e.g. Miller et al, 1991;Wade and Pälike, 2004), were probably tied to the orbital cycles, as shown by, e.g. Coxall et al (2005), Wade andPälike (2004), andPälike et al (2006).…”

Section: U Kotthoff Et Al: Late Eocene To Middle Miocene Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Late Eocene to middle Miocene (33 to 13 million years ago) vegetation and climate development on the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain (IODP Expedition 313, Site M0027)

Kotthoff¹,

Greenwood

McCarthy

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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Abstract.We investigated the palynology of sediment cores from Site M0027 of IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Expedition 313 on the New Jersey shallow shelf to examine vegetation and climate dynamics on the east coast of North America between 33 and 13 million years ago and to assess the impact of over-regional climate events on the region. Palynological results are complemented with pollenbased quantitative climate reconstructions. Our results indicate that the hinterland vegetation of the New Jersey shelf was characterized by oak-hickory forests in the lowlands and conifer-dominated vegetation in the highlands from the early Oligocene to the middle Miocene. The Oligocene witnessed several expansions of conifer forest, probably related to cooling events. The pollen-based climate data imply an increase in annual temperatures from ∼ 11.5 • C to more than 16 • C during the Oligocene.The Mi-1 cooling event at the onset of the Miocene is reflected by an expansion of conifers and mean annual temperature decrease of ∼ 4 • C, from ∼ 16 • C to ∼ 12 • C around 23 million years before present. Relatively low annual temperatures are also recorded for several samples during an interval around ∼ 20 million years before present, which may reflect the Mi-1a and the Mi-1aa cooling events. Generally, the Miocene ecosystem and climate conditions were very similar to those of the Oligocene. Miocene grasslands, as known from other areas in the USA during that time period, are not evident for the hinterland of the New Jersey shelf, possibly reflecting moisture from the proto-Gulf Stream.The palaeovegetation data reveal stable conditions during the mid-Miocene climatic optimum at ∼ 15 million years before present, with only a minor increase in deciduousevergreen mixed forest taxa and a decrease in swamp forest taxa. Pollen-based annual temperature reconstructions show average annual temperatures of ∼ 14 • C during the midMiocene climatic optimum, ∼ 2 • C higher than today, but ∼ 1.5 • C lower than preceding and following phases of the Miocene. We conclude that vegetation and regional climate in the hinterland of the New Jersey shelf did not react as sensitively to Oligocene and Miocene climate changes as other regions in North America or Europe due to the moderating effects of the North Atlantic. An additional explanation for the relatively low regional temperatures reconstructed for the mid-Miocene climatic optimum could be an uplift of the Appalachian Mountains during the Miocene, which would also have influenced the catchment area of our pollen record.

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Section: U Kotthoff Et Al: Late Eocene To Middle Miocene Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Early Miocene (Late Burdigalian ∼ 19 To ∼ 165 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 82%

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Late Eocene to middle Miocene (33 to 13 million years ago) vegetation and climate development on the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain (IODP Expedition 313, Site M0027)

Kotthoff¹,

Greenwood

McCarthy

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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“…Mörs, 2002). Applied on various palynomorph records from Cenozoic sections with independent dating, the CoA proved its potential for resolving detailed trends and orbital-scale variability of climate (e.g., Utescher et al, 2000;Ivanov et al, 2002;Utescher et al, 2009b. At least 8 taxa contributing with climate data in the analysis are required in order to obtain reliable results (Mosbrugger and Utescher, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A late Eocene palynological record of climate change and Tibetan Plateau uplift (Xining Basin, China)

Hoorn

Straathof

Abels

et al. 2012

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

126

111

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General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Climate models suggest that Asian paleoenvironments, monsoons and continental aridification were primarily governed by tectonic uplift and sea retreat since the Eocene with potential contribution of global climate changes. However, the cause and timing of these paleoenvironmental changes remain poorly constrained. The recently well-dated continental mudflat to ephemeral saline lake sedimentary succession, situated in the Xining Basin at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (NW China), provides a unique opportunity to develop additional proxy successions in this area that are placed accurately in time. Here, a palynological record from this succession is reported. High abundances of desert and steppe-desert taxa such as Ephedripites and Nitrariadites/Nitraripollis are found, which can be differentiated by the presence of broad leaved deciduous forest taxa in the lower part of the section (particularly up to 36.4 Ma; magnetochron C16r), and a sudden increase of Pinaceae (Pinuspollenites, Piceaepollenites and Abiespollenites) which is dated at 36.1 Ma (C16n.2n). Coexistence Approach (CoA) indicates that from 39.9 to 36.4 Ma (C17n.1n) regional climate was warm and wet, while from 36.4 to 33.5 Ma (C16n.2n-C13r) climate tends to be cooler and drier. The data indicate that paleoenvironmental and palynological changes on the NE part of the Tibetan Plateau resulted from a combination of long-term tectonic uplift forcing and long-and short-term climate changes. The increase of taxa such as Piceaepollenites and Abiespollenites indicates not only a cooling and drying trend prior to the Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) boundary, but also the existence of high altitude mountain habitats in the periphery of the Xining Basin. The sudden Pinaceae event correlates closely in time with a marked aridification step as viewed from the lithology of the Xining Basin that was linked to the sea retreat out of the Tarim Basin.

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“…In the Mediterranean Sea, crocodiles were present, as shown by fossil records of South Italy [92], while Sirenia were still one of the major marine mammals colonizing the European shores, from the west coast of Portugal and France, through the Mediterranean and Paratethys regions, up to the Greek coasts [39,41,93,94]. The global cooling observed during the Tortonian, in Northwest and Central Europe, is associated with increases in seasonality [95]. However, during this age, a small increase in global temperatures occurred, and was reflected in an increase of characterized by seasonality patterns, with the warm season with higher rainfall [96].…”

Section: Upper Miocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Observing the past to better understand thefuture: a synthesis of the Neogene climate inEurope and its perspectives on present climatechange

2015

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A review of the entire Neogene climate in Europe is a useful tool for climate researchers, synthesizing present day knowledge on a variety of past warmer climate modes thus facilitating the debate regarding possible future climate scenarios in the Old Continent. This work centres on the European scenario, debating possible future projections and describing the Miocene and Pliocene climate in the Old Continent. With present evidences of a global warming scenario, it is highly important that we look at past climatic events in order to better predict future climate changes impact in biodiversity. The review presented here synthesizes the literature regarding climate, faunal and floral evolution for the European Neogene, and aims to help palaeoclimatic researchers and climatologists to characterize some of the boundary conditions for modelling possible analogous of IPPC climate scenarios. If the future climate projections come to be true, it is shown that the Pliocene, and particularly the Mid Piacenzian Warm Period, should be considered as the best analogue for the impact of a warming climate in Europe.

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Cyclic climate and vegetation change in the late Miocene of Western Bulgaria

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Late Eocene to middle Miocene (33 to 13 million years ago) vegetation and climate development on the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain (IODP Expedition 313, Site M0027)

Late Eocene to middle Miocene (33 to 13 million years ago) vegetation and climate development on the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain (IODP Expedition 313, Site M0027)

A late Eocene palynological record of climate change and Tibetan Plateau uplift (Xining Basin, China)

Observing the past to better understand thefuture: a synthesis of the Neogene climate inEurope and its perspectives on present climatechange

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