2015
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13277
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Cyclic di‐AMP mediates biofilm formation

Abstract: Summary Cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is an emerging second messenger in bacteria. It has been shown to play important roles in bacterial fitness and virulence. However, transduction of c-di-AMP signaling in bacteria and the role of c-di-AMP in biofilm formation is not well understood. The level of c-di-AMP is modulated by activity of di-adenylyl cyclase that produces c-di-AMP and phosphodiesterase (PDE) that degrades c-di-AMP. In this study, we determined that increased c-di-AMP levels by deletion of the pdeA gene… Show more

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Cited by 139 publications
(159 citation statements)
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References 73 publications
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“…This condition was used to simulate the conditions in ECC patients challenged with high dietary sugars. In brief, overnight cultures of S. mutans and C. albicans were subcultured into fresh THB and YPDU, grown to an optical density at 470 nm (OD 470 ) of 0.6 and OD 600 of 0.65, respectively, diluted 1:100 and aliquoted (200 μL) into a 96‐well microtiter plate, and grown for 16 hours at 5% CO 2 and 37°C under static conditions . Other growth conditions were also tested, whereby biofilms were grown in RPMI‐1640 medium (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) to promote formation of C. albicans biofilm.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This condition was used to simulate the conditions in ECC patients challenged with high dietary sugars. In brief, overnight cultures of S. mutans and C. albicans were subcultured into fresh THB and YPDU, grown to an optical density at 470 nm (OD 470 ) of 0.6 and OD 600 of 0.65, respectively, diluted 1:100 and aliquoted (200 μL) into a 96‐well microtiter plate, and grown for 16 hours at 5% CO 2 and 37°C under static conditions . Other growth conditions were also tested, whereby biofilms were grown in RPMI‐1640 medium (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) to promote formation of C. albicans biofilm.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In general, cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP 21 control various EPS-producing exoenzymes, polysaccharides and adhesins that are potential candidates that can be targeted to inhibit or disrupt EPS 22,23 . These nucleotide-signalling molecules regulate glucan-producing exoenzymes (for example, glucosyltransferase) in Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans as well as the aggregative exopolysaccharides Psl and Pel in Gram-negative P. aeruginosa .…”
Section: Eps-targeting Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, in L. monocytogenes , the accumulation of c-di-AMP and c-di-GMP both diminishes virulence, albeit through different mechanisms [13,26]. Interestingly, c-di-AMP accumulation also contributes to biofilm formation in S. mutans , reminiscent of c-di-GMP regulation [27]. Thus, further studies into possible interactions between c-di-AMP and c-di-GMP signaling networks will expand our knowledge in these pathways.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%