Cyclic di‐GMP inactivates T6SS and T4SS activity in <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>

McCarthy, Ronan R.; Yu, Manda; Eilers, Kira; Wang, Yi‐Chieh; Lai, Erh‐Min; Filloux, Alain

doi:10.1111/mmi.14279

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…In agreement with this statement, IND down-regulated T4SS and decreased antimicrobial activity in AZ78. Downregulation of T4SS by IND might be related to the overexpression of diguanylate cyclases (e.g., AZ78_4062), responsible for c-di-GMP increase and T4SS inactivation in A. tumefaciens [79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to bacterial Esperanto: transcriptome reprogramming in a plant beneficial rhizobacterium

Bejarano

Perazzolli

Pertot

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Intraspecies, interspecies and interkingdom signalling occurring via diffusible communication signals (DCSs) continuously shapes the gene expression patterns of individual bacterial species in the rhizosphere, affecting bacterial functions within the rhizosphere microbial community. To unravel how DCSs influence rhizosphere competence of plant beneficial rhizobacteria, we carried out a functional and transcriptome analysis on the plant beneficial bacterium Lysobacter capsici AZ78 (AZ78). Results reveal that 13-methyltetradecanoic acid and indole, glyoxylic acid and 2,3-butanedione play a relevant role in the interaction between L. capsici members and other soil-living (micro)organisms. DCSs regulated mechanisms of multistress and multidrug tolerance and persistence, including detoxification, motility, antibiotic production, and expression of secretion systems. In particular, 13-methyltetradecanoic acid, glyoxylic acid and 2,3-butanedione might enable AZ78 to rapidly colonize the rhizosphere. Moreover, glyoxylic acid and 2,3-butanedione elicit biological responses to outcompete other (micro)organisms. In contrast, indole inactivates twitching motility and antibiotic production. These results demonstrate that DCSs influence the functioning of plant beneficial rhizobacteria and suggest that plant beneficial L. capsici strains could use them to foster rhizosphere colonization and enhance in vivo activities to increase soil health and plant fitness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listening to bacterial Esperanto: transcriptome reprogramming in a plant beneficial rhizobacterium

Bejarano

Perazzolli

Pertot

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…For this, lengths of the longest axis and shortest axis of the inhibition zones were determined and averaged as the radius, according to an earlier report [33]. The inhibition zones were calculated by using the formula: area = π × (radius) 2 .…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil bacteria are surrounded by diverse competitors that include other bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and protists [ 1 , 2 ]. To fend off these competitors, bacteria deploy various toxins, which are either secreted into the surrounding medium (contact-independent weapons) or injected directly into the competitor cell (contact-dependent weapons).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intrinsic mechanism for coordinated production of the contact-dependent and contact-independent weapon systems in a soil bacterium

et al. 2020

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Soil bacteria possess multiple weapons to fend off microbial competitors. Currently, we poorly understand the factors guiding bacterial decisions about weapon systems deployment. In this study, we investigated how such decisions are made by the soil bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes, used in antifungal plant protection. We found that weapons production is guided by environmental cues. In rich media, which likely mimic environments crowded with other microbes, L. enzymogenes produces a contact-dependent weapon, type six secretion system (T6SS). In nutrient-poor media, likely dominated by filamentous oomycetes and fungi, L. enzymogenes synthesizes and secretes a heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), a contact-independent weapon. Surprisingly, the T6SS inner tube protein Hcp is accumulated intracellularly even in nutrient-poor media, when the T6SS is not assembled. We found that Hcp interacts with the transcription factor Clp required for activating HSAF biosynthesis operon expression. Hcp protects Clp from binding to c-di-GMP, an intracellular second messenger inhibiting DNA binding. The increased concentration of c-di-GMP-free Clp thus leads to higher gene expression and HSAF production. Therefore, when the contact-dependent weapon, T6SS, is not in use, accumulation of one of its structural components, Hcp, serves as a signal to enhance production of the contact-independent weapon, HSAF. The uncovered environment-dependent and auto-regulatory mechanisms shed light on the processes governing deployment of various weapon systems in environmental bacteria.

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“…In the Agrobacterium C58 strain, this system is induced in acidic conditions by the ChvG/I two-component system and repressed by ExoR (Wu et al, 2012; Heckel et al, 2014). The T6SS expression is also induced upon high level of intracellular cyclic di-GMP (McCarthy et al, 2019). Interestingly, a P. aeruginosa T6SS was shown to inhibit “ A. fabrum ” growth in vitro (Ma et al, 2014).…”

Section: Agrobacterium Faces Microbial Competition In the Tumormentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors

et al. 2019

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The study of pathogenic agents in their natural niches allows for a better understanding of disease persistence and dissemination. Bacteria belonging to the Agrobacterium genus are soil-borne and can colonize the rhizosphere. These bacteria are also well known as phytopathogens as they can cause tumors (crown gall disease) by transferring a DNA region (T-DNA) into a wide range of plants. Most reviews on Agrobacterium are focused on virulence determinants, T-DNA integration, bacterial and plant factors influencing the efficiency of genetic transformation. Recent research papers have focused on the plant tumor environment on the one hand, and genetic traits potentially involved in bacterium-plant interactions on the other hand. The present review gathers current knowledge about the special conditions encountered in the tumor environment along with the Agrobacterium genetic determinants putatively involved in bacterial persistence inside a tumor. By integrating recent metabolomic and transcriptomic studies, we describe how tumors develop and how Agrobacterium can maintain itself in this nutrient-rich but stressful and competitive environment.

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Cyclic di‐GMP inactivates T6SS and T4SS activity in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Cited by 17 publications

References 97 publications

Listening to bacterial Esperanto: transcriptome reprogramming in a plant beneficial rhizobacterium

Listening to bacterial Esperanto: transcriptome reprogramming in a plant beneficial rhizobacterium

An intrinsic mechanism for coordinated production of the contact-dependent and contact-independent weapon systems in a soil bacterium

Ecological Conditions and Molecular Determinants Involved in Agrobacterium Lifestyle in Tumors

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