Cyclical Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Breast Cancer

Edelstyn, G.A.; MacRae, K D

doi:10.1038/bjc.1973.172

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The early results from a number of clinical trials [Bonadonna et al, 1976;Edelstyn and Macrae, 1974;Fisher et al, 1975;Nissen-Meyer et al, 1978] eval uating the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer have demonstrated an advantage, in terms of disease-free interval, to those women receiving therapy. Evidence regarding the effect of this type of treatment on survival is awaited, but in the event that such evidence demonstrates a significant improvement in survival, there will be a need to select quickly and precisely those patients requiring adjuvant therapy, since nearly 20% can be expected to survive for 15 years after surgery without such treatment [Brinkley and Haybittle, 1968].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyproline Excretion in the Detection of Occult Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer

Rowse¹,

Morrison²,

Scott³

et al. 1982

Oncology

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When surgery fails to cure breast cancer it is due to disseminated micrometastases present at the time of operation. The measurement of urinary hydroxyproline (OHP) is a possible screening test for such metastases in bone. This study compares both a single and serial urinary OHP estimation with the axillary node status, the bone scan status and the subsequent clinical course. A single measurement did not correlate with the axillary node or bone scan status, neither was there a relationship with the subsequent clinical course. Serial OHP estimations, every 3 months for a year, increased the accuracy of the test such that node-positive patients had higher excretions than node-negative patients (p < 0.05). Patients who subsequently died with bone metastases tended to have a higher excretion than those who remained disease free, although this did not reach statistical significance. No relationship existed between serial OHP estimations and bone scan status. We consider the measurement of urinary OHP to be insufficiently sensitive to detect bone micrometastases and it is only raised when a substantial amount of bone is involved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyproline Excretion in the Detection of Occult Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer

Rowse¹,

Morrison²,

Scott³

et al. 1982

Oncology

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“…RCgimes seen to be effective in treating advanced disease should be used as adjuvant therapy for early disseminated disease. Edelstyn and Macrae (1974) found chemotherapy to be superior to hypophysectomy and norethisterone in the management of advanced breast cancer. Carter (1974) stated that chemotherapy, used optimally, has the potential to eradicate metastatic foci of early disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of preliminary bone scanning in staging and assessing the prognosis of breast cancer

Campbell

Banks

Oates

1976

Journal of British Surgery

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Preliminary bone scans have been performed on all patients with early breast cancer. The incidence of positive scans has been recorded and several factors determining scan status have been enumerated. Particular attention has been focused on the natrual history of scan positive and scan negative patients. Eighteen per cent of stage I and 41 per cent of stage II cancers had positive bone scans. Scan results were correlated with age, menopausal status, tumour position, tumour size and histological node status. Postmenopausal patients were found to have a significantly increased risk of being scan positive (P less than 0-01). Follow-up studies have confirmed that the lesions demonstrated by scanning actually represent metastatic foci. At 18 months 85-7 per cent of scan positive patients had evidence of disseminated disease compared with only 11-4 per cent of scan negative patients (P less than 0-01). Clinically overt advanced disease evolves from positive scan lesions. It is clear that a significant percentage of patients felt to have early breast cancer already have widely disseminated disease at the initial presentation. The biological significance of bone scan lesions makes a sensitive screening test for dissemination an essential part of the preliminary assessment of patients with breast cancer. Bone scans provide an excellent prognostic index at a patient's initial assessment.

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“…CHEMOTHERAPY now has an established part to play in the management of breast cancer, even to the extent that it has been suggested that endocrine manipulation is obsolete (Edelstyn & Macrae, 1973). Chemotherapy is not without potentially harmful side effects; one which occasions much concern is immunodepression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of treatment on the immunological status of women with advanced breast cancer

Webster¹,

Richardson²,

Baum³

et al. 1979

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-An immunological profile has been serially studied in 72 patients with advanced breast cancer during the course of a randomized trial of chemotherapy and hormonal manipulation. DNCB+ patients were more likely to respond to either therapy, but no other test was predictive of response. In the follow-up period all chemotherapy patients had a reduction in white-cell count which was significantly greater in those responding to treatment. None of the other tests (phytohaemagglutinin response, immunoglobulins G, A and M, or Mantoux test) demonstrated changes that could be related to treatment or response, but there was a gradual unexplained fall in IgM levels in all groups the study progressed. It is concluded that the chemotherapeutic regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil) is relatively non-immunosuppressive, and that hormonal therapy (oophorectomy, tamoxifen or androgens) had no detectable effect on the immune response.

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Cyclical Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Breast Cancer

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Hydroxyproline Excretion in the Detection of Occult Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer

Hydroxyproline Excretion in the Detection of Occult Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer

The value of preliminary bone scanning in staging and assessing the prognosis of breast cancer

Effect of treatment on the immunological status of women with advanced breast cancer

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