Cycling by means of functional electrical stimulation

Gfoehler, Margit; Lugner, Peter

doi:10.1109/86.847825

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…FES has also been used to improve walking ability in stroke subjects [12,13]. The benefits of FES-assisted cycling exercise include enhanced muscle strength and endurance, increased bone density, cardiopulmonary improvement, spasticity relief, and many other physiological and psychological advantages [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling exercise with functional electrical stimulation improves postural control in stroke patients

Lo¹,

Hsu²,

Hsueh³

et al. 2012

Gait & Posture

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling exercise with functional electrical stimulation improves postural control in stroke patients

Lo¹,

Hsu²,

Hsueh³

et al. 2012

Gait & Posture

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“…Other groups have attempted to numerically optimize activation angles by maximizing an analytical cost function which captures mechanical output forces [21,22,23,24]. This approach is based upon a dynamic simulation model of lower-limb cycling, and has not thus far been experimentally verified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of stimulation patterns for FES-cycling using measures of oxygen cost and stimulation cost

Hunt

Ferrario

Grant

et al. 2006

Medical Engineering & Physics

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Aim: The energy efficiency of FES-cycling in spinal cord injured subjects is very much lower than that of normal cycling, and efficiency is dependent upon the parameters of muscle stimulation. We investigated measures which can be used to evaluate the effect on cycling performance of changes in stimulation parameters, and which might therefore be used to optimise them. We aimed to determine whether oxygen-cost and stimulation-cost measurements are sensitive enough to allow discrimination between the efficacy of different activation ranges for stimulation of each muscle group during constant-power cycling. Methods:We employed a custom FES-cycling ergometer system, with accurate control of cadence and stimulated exercise workrate. Two sets of muscle activation angles ("stimulation patterns"), denoted "P1" and "P2", were applied repeatedly (eight times each) during constant-power cycling, in a repeated measures design with a single paraplegic subject. Pulmonary oxygen uptake was measured in real time and used to determine the oxygen cost of the exercise. A new measure of stimulation cost of the exercise is proposed, which represents the total rate of stimulation charge applied to the stimulated muscle groups during cycling. A number of energy-efficiency measures were also estimated.Results: Average oxygen cost and stimulation cost of P1 were found to be significantly lower than those for P2 (paired t-test, p<0.05): oxygen costs were 0.56 ± 0.03 l · min −1 and 0.61 ± 0.04 l · min −1 (mean ± sd), respectively; stimulation costs were 74.91 ± 12.15 mC · min −1 and 100.30 ± 14.78 mC · min −1 (mean ± sd), respectively. Correspondingly, all efficiency estimates for P1 were greater than those for P2. Conclusion:Oxygen-and stimulation-cost measures both allow discrimination between the efficacy of different muscle activation patterns during constant-power FES-cycling. However, stimulation cost is more easily determined in real time, and responds more rapidly and with greatly improved signal-to-noise properties than the ventilatory oxygen uptake measurements required for estimation of oxygen cost. These measures may find utility in the adjustment of stimulation patterns for achievement of optimal cycling performance.

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“…To our knowledge, the timing patterns from these studies have not been tested experimentally. The timing patterns for the QUADS, GLUTS, and HAMS from these two studies, as well as several other simulation studies designed to maximize pedaling power, [54][55][56] enveloped those of both StimErg and Stim3. A disadvantage of increased stimulation duration is the associated longer duty cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Can the efficacy of electrically stimulated pedaling using a commercially available ergometer BE improved by minimizing the muscle stress–time integral?

Hakansson

Hull

2012

Muscle and Nerve

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Cycling by means of functional electrical stimulation

Cited by 40 publications

References 21 publications

Cycling exercise with functional electrical stimulation improves postural control in stroke patients

Cycling exercise with functional electrical stimulation improves postural control in stroke patients

Comparison of stimulation patterns for FES-cycling using measures of oxygen cost and stimulation cost

Can the efficacy of electrically stimulated pedaling using a commercially available ergometer BE improved by minimizing the muscle stress–time integral?

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