Cycling of inorganic and organic sulfur in peat from Big Run Bog, West Virginia

Wieder, R. Kelman; Lang, Gerald E.

doi:10.1007/bf02180229

Cited by 137 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…amorphous FeS, S 0 , and FeS 2 ) (Loy et al, 2004) but lower contents of organic sulfur compared to the upland fen (Paul et al, 2006). Synchrotronbased X-ray spectromicroscopy revealed that the fraction of organic reduced sulfur of these fens is more stable under alternating reduction-oxidation processes than the FeS or FeS 2 pool (Prietzel, personal communication), similar to results obtained with chemical S fractionations in peat bogs (Wieder and Lang, 1988;Wieder et al, 1990). Thus, the presence of Fe(II) seemed to affect both the storage and mobilization of sulphur.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…However, addition of alternative electron acceptors to ombrotrophic bogs and minerotrophic fens incubated in anoxic jars do not universally divert carbon and electron flow from CH 4 formation (Dettling et al, 2006). δ 34 S values and 35 S-labeling patterns indicate that the dissimilatory reduction of sulfate is an ongoing process in acidic seeps and fens of a forested catchment in northern Bavaria, Germany (Lehstenbach, Fichtelgebirge) (Alewell and Giesemann, 1996;Alewell and Novak, 2001) like in peat bogs (Wieder and Lang, 1988). In minerotrophic fens which are connected to the groundwater flow, ferric iron [Fe(III)] can be another potential electron acceptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial reduction of iron and porewater biogeochemistry in acidic peatlands

et al. 2008

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Abstract. Temporal drying of upper soil layers of acidic methanogenic peatlands might divert the flow of reductants from CH4 formation to other electron-accepting processes due to a renewal of alternative electron acceptors. In this study, we evaluated the in situ relevance of Fe(III)-reducing microbial activities in peatlands of a forested catchment that differed in their hydrology. Intermittent seeps reduced sequentially nitrate, Fe(III), and sulfate during periods of water saturation. Due to the acidic soil conditions, released Fe(II) was transported with the groundwater flow and accumulated as Fe(III) in upper soil layers of a lowland fen apparently due to oxidation. Microbial Fe(III) reduction in the upper soil layer accounted for 26.7 and 71.6% of the anaerobic organic carbon mineralization in the intermittent seep and the lowland fen, respectively. In an upland fen not receiving exogenous Fe, Fe(III) reduction contributed only to 6.7%. Fe(II) and acetate accumulated in deeper porewater of the lowland fen with maximum concentrations of 7 and 3 mM, respectively. Both supplemental glucose and acetate stimulated the reduction of Fe(III) indicating that fermentative, incomplete, and complete oxidizers were involved in Fe(II) formation in the acidic fen. Amplification of DNA yielded PCR products specific for Acidiphilium-, Geobacter-, and Geothrix-, but not for Shewanella- or Anaeroromyxobacter-related sequences. Porewater biogeochemistry observed during a 3-year-period suggests that increased drought periods and subsequent intensive rainfalls due to global climate change will further favor Fe(III) and sulfate as alternative electron acceptors due to the storage and enhanced re-oxidation of their reduced compounds in the soil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial reduction of iron and porewater biogeochemistry in acidic peatlands

et al. 2008

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“…The combination of high SR rates and low sulphate concentrations (78-247 mM on average; Fig. 1) led to short turnover times for sulphate (2-5 days), and thus required rapid reoxidation of reduced sulphur species, as observed in other wetlands 10 . This reoxidation may have occurred in the uppermost mm of peat/sediment 24 , which were exposed to oxygenated bottom waters and to the atmosphere by diurnal tides at the site in Georgia, or via anaerobic oxidation coupled to nitrate 25 , oxidized trace metals 26 , humic substances 27 , or nanowires 28 , any of which could serve as electron sinks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In marine environments, where sulphate is available in much higher concentrations, AOM exerts a strong control over methane fluxes from the seabed 8 . Yet, despite low sulphate concentrations, FWW support a dynamic sulphur cycle and high rates of sulphate reduction 9 (SR) are maintained by rapid recycling of reduced sulphur species 10 . Moreover, studies of freshwater AOM have indicated several electron acceptors for methane oxidation, including sulphate 11 , nitrate/nitrite 5,[12][13][14][15] , iron 16 and manganese 17 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High rates of anaerobic methane oxidation in freshwater wetlands reduce potential atmospheric methane emissions

et al. 2015

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The role of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in wetlands, the largest natural source of atmospheric methane, is poorly constrained. Here we report rates of microbially mediated AOM (average rate ¼ 20 nmol cm À 3 per day) in three freshwater wetlands that span multiple biogeographical provinces. The observed AOM rates rival those in marine environments. Most AOM activity may have been coupled to sulphate reduction, but other electron acceptors remain feasible. Lipid biomarkers typically associated with anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea were more enriched in 13 C than those characteristic of marine systems, potentially due to distinct microbial metabolic pathways or dilution with heterotrophic isotope signals. On the basis of this extensive data set, AOM in freshwater wetlands may consume 200 Tg methane per year, reducing their potential methane emissions by over 50%. These findings challenge precepts surrounding wetland carbon cycling and demonstrate the environmental relevance of an anaerobic methane sink in ecosystems traditionally considered strong methane sources.

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“…It was interpreted as a result of reoxidation of the reduced S compounds accumulated in the peat, which could be organic or inorganic compounds. However, reduced S in organic compounds may be less susceptible to reoxidation than in inorganic compounds (Wieder & Lang, 1988). According to the discussion of Fe-sulphides above, it seems likely that the reoxidized compounds were inorganic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%