Cycling of Li/Li3N/TiS2 solid state cells

Solid-state batteries have been attracting wide attention for next generation energy storage devices due to the probability to realize higher energy density and superior safety performance compared with the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries. However, there are still intimidating challenges for developing low cost and industrially scalable solid-state batteries with high energy density and stable cycling life for large-scale energy storage and electric vehicle applications. This review presents an overview on the scientific challenges, fundamental mechanisms, and design strategies for solid-state batteries, specifically focusing on the stability issues of solid-state electrolytes and the associated interfaces with both cathode and anode electrodes. First, we give a brief overview on the history of solid-state battery technologies, followed by introduction and discussion on different types of solid-state electrolytes. Then, the associated stability issues, from phenomena to fundamental understandings, are intensively discussed, including chemical, electrochemical, mechanical, and thermal stability issues; effective optimization strategies are also summarized. State-of-the-art characterization techniques and in situ and operando measurement methods deployed and developed to study the aforementioned issues are summarized as well. Following the obtained insights, perspectives are given in the end on how to design practically accessible solid-state batteries in the future. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 6822 2. Solid-State Battery Technologies 6822 2.1. Brief Overview of Solid-State Batteries and the Research History 6822 2.2. State-of-the-Art Solid-State Batteries 6823 2.3. Solid-State Batteries and Classifications 6824 2.4. Grand Challenges in Solid-State Batteries 6825 3. Categorizing and Comparing Various Solid-State Electrolytes 6825 3.1. Solid Polymer Electrolytes 6825 3.1.1.

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Section: Solid-state Battery Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching Practically Accessible Solid-State Batteries: Stability Issues Related to Solid Electrolytes and Interfaces

et al. 2019

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“…[30]. The case e, ~ >> e~ ~ (/3 = 0) is of considerable practical interest and may serve as an illustration of the characteristic course of the discharge curve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composite Insertion Electrode: Theoretical Part. Equilibrium in the Insertion Compound and Linear Potential Dependence

Atlung

Zachau‐Christiansen

West

et al. 1984

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The specific energy obtainable by discharge of porous insertion electrodes is limited by electrolyte depletion in the pores. This can be overcome using a solid ion conductor as electrolyte. The term “composite” is used to distinguish these electrodes from porous electrodes with liquid electrolyte. The theoretical basis for such electrodes is discussed and, using a simplified model, equations are derived to describe the distribution of potential and current during discharge/charge operation. Under the assumption that the insertion compound particles are small enough to ensure equilibrium, and that the local electrode potential depends linearly on the degree of insertion, these equations are solved to obtain analytical expressions for the discharge curve. It is shown that the parameters which determine the discharge behavior for a given discharge current are simply related to the effective ionic and electronic conductivities, the thickness of the electrode, the volume fractions, and the slope of the potential curve.

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“…For this, fast migration of Li ions into the electrolyte during cycling is ensured by a relatively high ionic conductivity while the electronic conductivity should be low in order to avoid the short circuit. Among the first solid state cells reported, the Li/ Li 3 N/LiCF 3 SO 3 -(PEO) 9 /TiS 2 configuration was cycled in the temperature range 120-170 C. 25 This was followed by the remarkable method of using Li ion conductive sulfide glasses and mixed conductive glasses as electrolyte and cathode material. 26,27 The next work came out with the use of radio-frequency sputtered titanium oxy-sulfide films as positive electrodes and ternary sputtered oxide glass (B 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Li 2 SO 4 ) as electrolyte whereas the evaporated lithium was used as negative electrode.…”

Section: Philippe Knauthmentioning

confidence: 99%