Cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) as a novel cyclic dipeptide compound alleviates ischemic/reperfusion brain injury via JUNB/JNK/NF-κB and SOX5/PI3K/AKT pathways

Cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) reduces cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced blood–brain barrier dysfunction through regulation of autophagy

“…1C and D, SC and nimodipine reduced the area of cerebral infarction, consistent with our previous reports. 33 The optimal SC dose was determined in previous studies, and we thus used the established dose of 10 mg kg −1 . Nissl and TUNEL staining were used to examine the morphological changes induced by cerebral I/R injury.…”

“…Interestingly, from previous RNA-seq and KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes it is found that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is the core regulatory point. 33 We thus investigated possible changes in autophagy-related indicators and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway after I/R injury. SC intervention increased the level of PI3K p85 (Fig.…”

“…As detailed in a previous study, 33 the experimental groups were as follows: sham, receiving 1 mL kg −1 0.5% CMC-Na; model, receiving 1 mL kg −1 0.5% CMC-Na; SC, receiving 10 mg kg −1 SC-High; nimodipine, receiving 12.34 mg kg −1 nimodipine (Bayer). Fig.…”

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells through the transcription factor JunB

“…Anxa1 can maintain the contractile phenotype of VSMCs by binding to JunB and activating myosin light chain 9 (MYL9) [28]. The cyclic peptide cyclo-(PheTyr), which is isolated from Sparganii Rhizoma, can alleviate ischaemic stroke reperfusion brain injury via the JunB/ JNK/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway [29]. Micro-RNA-663 can regulate VSMC phenotypic switching and vascular neointimal formation by targeting the JunB/MYL9 signaling pathway [16].…”

Two polysaccharides from Rehmannia glutinosa: isolation, structural characterization, and hypoglycemic activities

“…The protein extraction and quantification were performed according to the methods reported in the literature. 22 An equal amount of 20 mg protein was electrophoresed on 10% SDS-page gels and transferred onto PVDF membranes. After blocking with 5% non-fat milk at room temperature, the membranes were incubated with primary antibodies (PI3K p110 Beta Polyclonal antibody, 20584-1-AP, Proteintech; Phospho-AKT (Ser473) Monoclonal antibody, 66444-1-Ig, Proteintech; GAPDH Monoclonal antibody, 60004-1-Ig, Proteinech) at 4 °C overnight.…”