“…Steroids are important compounds that play a vital role in sexual maturation, physical development, and other metabolisms. The determination of steroids is also useful in the diagnosis of diseases such as Alzheimer's and liver cancer (Zhang et al, 2019). The World Anti-Doping Agency, as part of the fight against drug abuse among athletes, requires testing for a "steroid profile" composed of testosterone (T), epitestosterone (E), androsterone (A), etiocholanolone (Etio), 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (5 αAdiol), and 5βandrostane-3α,17-diol (5Adiol), along with the ratio of T to E (T/E) (Manaf et al, 2018).…”