Cyclometalated Platinum Complexes with Luminescent Quantum Yields Approaching 100%

Turner, Eric; Bakken, Nathan; Li, Jian

doi:10.1021/ic302490c

Cited by 149 publications

(145 citation statements)

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“…77 In our group, we have recently demonstrated an asymmetric tetradentate molecular design employing phenyl pyridine, phenyl methyl imidazole, phenyl methyl imidazole carbene, and phenyl pyrazole lumophores with phenoxypyridyl ancillary ligands. 13,78 Similar to the color tuning for the tridentate analogs, this class of emitters was tunable from green to deep blue with emission maxima of 512 nm for 31, 468 nm for 32, 442 nm for 33, and 430 nm for 34. While these complexes were extremely efficient, approaching quantum yields of unity, this class of emitters showed no excimer formation due to their nonplanar molecular geometry (Fig.…”

Section: Tetradentate Pt(ii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Efficient monochromatic devices have been achieved for a large number of Ir and Pt emitters which demonstrate a Φ PL approaching unity. 12,13 Typically, to achieve such efficient emission, conjugated cyclometalating ligands bound to Ir or Pt metal centers have been utilized. This is due to the strong ligand field of the metal-carbon bonds which typically raise the nonradiative metal centered excited states, allowing an efficient radiative decay process from the low-lying ligand centered triplet states with varying degrees of metal-to-ligand charge transfer admixing.…”

Section: Efficiency Of Excimer-based Woledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,[72][73][74][75][76] The rigid molecular structure of tetradentate complexes is likely to achieve high efficiencies by suppressing nonradiative pathways through molecular distortion. Furthermore, removing the need for a monoanionic ligand as the fourth coordination to the Pt metal, as in the case in tridentate Pt complexes, may eliminate a potential degradation pathway to achieve Fig.…”

Section: Tetradentate Pt(ii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 In fact, devices employing both Ir and Pt complexes have essentially demonstrated 100% electron to photon conversion efficiencies. 12,13 Commercialization of small OLED displays for handheld electronics and initial production of large area screens employing these complexes have already begun. Nevertheless, further improvements in device efficiencies, operational stability, and materials' variability are needed to achieve widespread commercial acceptance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in white organic light-emitting diodes employing a single-emissive material

Fleetham

2014

J. Photon. Energy

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Abstract. Recent progress in the development of materials and devices for single-doped white devices is presented with a particular focus on the development of platinum complexes exhibiting excimer emission. White organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are strong candidates for the next generation of solid-state lighting, yet many of the best devices generate white light using multiple emitters embedded in a comparably complex device structure, raising the difficulty of consistently manufacturing these devices at a low cost and leading to challenges in color stability. These problems can be overcome by fabricating excimer-based WOLEDs, which construct a broad spectrum from a single emitter using blue monomer emission and red excimer emission. Through rational emitter design, the color quality and device efficiencies have steadily improved with recent achievements of external quantum efficiencies over 20% and a color rendering index greater than 80. Furthermore, recent applications of tetradentate platinum complexes for single-doped WOLEDs have yielded devices with a performance superior to many state-of-the-art multilayer WOLEDs as well as promising device operational stability. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Tetradentate Pt(ii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Efficiency Of Excimer-based Woledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tetradentate Pt(ii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in white organic light-emitting diodes employing a single-emissive material

Fleetham

2014

J. Photon. Energy

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“…Cyclometallated platinum compounds containing N-donor ligands have attracted a great deal of attention because of their potential interest in both areas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For this reason, the development of new methods for the preparation of cycloplatinated compounds containing N-donor ligands is a pursued goal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarylplatinum(II) Compounds as Versatile Metallating Agents in the Synthesis of Cyclometallated Platinum Compounds with N-Donor Ligands

Crespo

2014

Inorganics

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This review deals with the reactions of diarylplatinum(II) complexes with N-donor ligands to produce a variety of cycloplatinated compounds including endo-five-, endo-seven-, endo-six-or exo-five-membered platinacycles. The observed reactions result from a series of oxidative addition/reductive elimination processes taking place at platinum(II)/platinum(IV) species and involving C-X (X = H, Cl, Br) bond activation, arene elimination, and, in some cases, C aryl -C aryl bond formation.

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Tetradentate Platinum Complexes for Efficient and Stable Excimer‐Based White OLEDs

Fleetham

Huang

2014

Adv Funct Materials

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wileyonlinelibrary.comlayers, or through the combination of fl uorescent and phosphorescent materials. [9][10][11] With these structures, typically employing iridium complexes, WOLEDs have achieved external quantum effi ciencies over 20%, color rendering index (CRI) over 80, and power effi ciencies over 100 lm/W when advanced outcoupling techniques are employing. [ 12 ] However, the strategy of using multiple emissive materials depends on the precise control over various energy transfer processes within the device which can signifi cantly complicate the device fabrication and have significant tradeoffs between device effi ciency and emission color. [ 13 ] Furthermore, the precise color balance of WOLEDs containing multiple emissive materials can be signifi cantly perturbed by variations in the driving conditions, or through different aging processing of the various materials. [ 14 ] Thus, it is strongly desired to achieve an effi cient WOLED containing a single emissive material which is effi cient, stable, and can be fabricated within a single emissive layer.One major approach to achieve single doped white OLEDs is through the exploitation of the excimer emission properties of square planar complexes for a broad white emission. [ 15 ] In excimer based OLEDs, white emission is achieved through the combination of blue emission from an isolated dopant molecule and orange-red emission of two or more closely stacked dopant molecules. Much of the existing reports of excimer based white OLEDs employ either bidentate or tridentate cyclometalating ligands, both of which have typically demonstrated external quantum effi ciency (EQE) less than 20% and often poor CRI or Commission internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates. [ 16,17 ] One exception is the recent development of platinum(II) bis(methyl-imidazolyl)benzene chloride (Pt-16) resulted in a device with peak EQE of 20.1%, CRI of 80, and CIE of (0.33,0.33). [ 18 ] However, it was demonstrated that the monomer species of Pt-16 was ineffi cient, leading to a lower overall effi ciency and an unavoidable tradeoff between optimal color and highest effi ciency. Furthermore, the N^C^N complexes and other tridentate analogs require Cl − or other monoanionic ligands as the fourth coordinating ligand which may be potentially unstable so a new molecular design motif is needed. [ 19 ] Here, we report the synthesis of a series of tetradentate Pt complexes based on a phenyl methyl-imidazole emissive ligand ( Figure 1 ), which demonstrate effi cient emission from both the excimer and monomer achieving a peak EQEs of 24% ± 2% for all three emitters at concentrations from 2% to 16%. The effect A series of tetradentate platinum complexes that exhibit both effi cient monomer and excimer emission are synthesized. Via small modifi cations to the cyclometalating ligands, both the monomer and excimer emission energy can be separately tuned. Devices employing all of the developed emitters demonstrate impressively high external quantum effi ciencies (EQEs) within the range of 22% to 27%...

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Cyclometalated Platinum Complexes with Luminescent Quantum Yields Approaching 100%

Cited by 149 publications

References 56 publications

Recent advances in white organic light-emitting diodes employing a single-emissive material

Recent advances in white organic light-emitting diodes employing a single-emissive material

Diarylplatinum(II) Compounds as Versatile Metallating Agents in the Synthesis of Cyclometallated Platinum Compounds with N-Donor Ligands

Tetradentate Platinum Complexes for Efficient and Stable Excimer‐Based White OLEDs

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