Cyclosporine A for the Treatment of New-Onset Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Hp, Chase; Butler–Simon, Nancy; Sk, Garg; Hayward, Anthony R.; Gj, Klingensmith; Rf, Hamman; OʼBrien, Donough

doi:10.1542/peds.85.3.241

Cited by 41 publications

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“…Glycohemoglobin (Hb Aj) determinations were performed by an ion exchange method (Isolab Fast Hemoglobin Kit, Akron, OH, U.S.A.). Plasma C-peptide levels on samples obtained 2 h after breakfast were measured by radioimmunoassay (10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sugar Cereal With and Without a Mixed Meal on Glycemic Response in Children with Diabetes

Wang,

Chase,

Garg

et al. 1991

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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The effect of sucrose consumption on glycemic control in children with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus is unclear. Eight young subjects, 7–16 years of age, with a duration of diabetes of 2–8 years participated in this study. All subjects consumed four different breakfasts—oatmeal (OM) alone, oatmeal–sucrose (OMS), oatmeal–protein (OMP), and oatmeal with protein and sucrose (OMPS)—on four different days. Addition of sucrose resulted in a slightly greater area under the tolerance curve in 50% of the subjects; however, in 38% of subjects, the area decreased. The peak glucose level was lowest for OM, but there was no statistical difference in the peak levels of the four test meals. The most significant effect on glucose response was a delay in the peak time when protein was added to the meals. Peak times for OM and OMS (mean of 38 min) when fed alone were significantly (p < 0.05, ANOVA) shorter when compared to the peak time for OMP and OMPS (mean of 54 min). The average recovery time for OMP was longest. Other indices (tolerance index and change of rise in blood glucose) measured were not significantly different among the test meals. This study demonstrates that adding limited sucrose to OM cereal has little effect on the blood glucose response in children with diabetes. Addition of protein and fat clearly delays the glycemic response.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sugar Cereal With and Without a Mixed Meal on Glycemic Response in Children with Diabetes

Wang,

Chase,

Garg

et al. 1991

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Harrison

Fourlanos

Every

et al. 2003

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus

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Increasing knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autoimmune pancreatic β‐cell destruction, together with proof‐of‐principle for therapeutic interventions in the nonobese diabetic mouse model, provides a platform for the prevention of type 1 diabetes in humans. The concept of prevention extends to people with clinical diabetes, not only to preserve residual β‐cell function but to prevent recurrent autoimmune disease after therapeutic β‐cell replacement or regeneration. Primary prevention awaits the identification of environmental agents that trigger or promote disease on a background of genetic susceptibility. The last two decades have, however, witnessed clinical trials of a range of candidate agents for secondary prevention, predominantly in people with recently diagnosed diabetes. It can be argued that intervention is likely to be more effective in those at risk, identified by the presence of circulating islet antibodies. Strategies for secondary prevention encompass nonspecific immune suppression, nonspecific immune stimulation, nonspecific immune regulation, antigen‐specific immune regulation, and β‐cell protection. The shift has been away from nonspecific immunosuppressive drugs to more specific immunoregulatory agents. Preservation of C‐peptide secretion in the first year after diagnosis has been demonstrated in some randomized trials, but has not been sustained. Autoantigen‐induced immune regulation, which is safe and effective in animal models of autoimmune disease, requires further evaluation in at‐risk humans. The need for better surrogate immune and metabolic response markers, especially islet antigen‐reactive T‐cells, remains pressing. The prevention of type 1 diabetes will most likely occur incrementally, with increasingly specific and targeted agents being evaluated according to disease stage and risk, analogous to the evolving treatment regimens for cancer or HIV. This chapter describes the rationale and current approaches to the prevention of type 1 diabetes.

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Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Skyler¹

2010

The Evidence Base for Diabetes Care

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Cyclosporine A for the Treatment of New-Onset Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Sugar Cereal With and Without a Mixed Meal on Glycemic Response in Children with Diabetes

The Effect of Sugar Cereal With and Without a Mixed Meal on Glycemic Response in Children with Diabetes

Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

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