Cyperus laevigatus L. Enhances Diesel Oil Remediation in Synergism with Bacterial Inoculation in Floating Treatment Wetlands

Abstract

Diesel oil is considered a very hazardous fuel due to its adverse effect on the aquatic ecosystem, so its remediation has become the focus of much attention. Taking this into consideration, the current study was conducted to explore the synergistic applications of both plant and bacteria for cleaning up of diesel oil contaminated water. We examined that the application of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) is an economical and superlative choice for the treatment of diesel oil contaminated water. In this study, a pilot scale floating treatment wetlands system having diesel oil contaminated water (1% w/v), was adopted using Cyperus laevigatus L and a mixture of hydrocarbons degrading bacterial strains; viz., Acinetobacter sp.61KJ620863, Bacillus megaterium 65 KF478214, and Acinetobacter sp.82 KF478231. It was observed that consortium of hydrocarbons degrading bacteria improved the remediation of diesel oil in combination with Cyperus laevigatus L. Moreover, the performance of the FTWs was enhanced by colonization of bacterial strains in the root and shoot of Cyperus laevigatus L. Independently, the bacterial consortium and Cyperus laevigatus L exhibited 37.46% and 56.57% reduction in diesel oil, respectively, while 73.48% reduction in hydrocarbons was exhibited by the joint application of both plant and bacteria in FTWs. Furthermore, microbial inoculation improved the fresh biomass (11.62%), dry biomass (33.33%), and height (18.05%) of plants. Fish toxicity assay evaluated the effectiveness of FTWs by showing the extent of improvement in the water quality to a level that became safe for living organisms. The study therefore concluded that Cyperus laevigatus L augmented with hydrocarbons degrading bacterial consortium exhibited a remarkable ability to decontaminate the diesel oil from water and could enhance the FTWs performance.

Role of Microorganisms in the Remediation of Wastewater in Floating Treatment Wetlands: A Review

“…Furthermore, the planted vegetation provides economic and ecological benefits such as the use of vegetation as fodder, providing a habitat for wildlife/aquatic animals, and enhancing the aesthetic value of the pond [10,22]. Globally, FTWs are being applied to remediate various types of wastewater, such as eutrophic water, sewage and domestic, storm water runoff, and industrial [23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Comparison of Contaminants Removal Efficiencies in Wastewater Using Constructed Wetlands of Single and Two Stages

“…These favor the growth of the plant for which a granular soil is important, endophytes, protobacteria, bacillus, pseudomonas, cyanobacteria, archaea an d others have been found, in addition to the degradation of organic matter, specific bacteria favor the translocation of toxic metals (Shahid et al, 2020). The combination of bacteria and floating plants of phytoremediation has proven to be effective even in the elimination of oildiesel and hydrocarbons from 50% to 70% in a period of 90 days (Fahid, M. et al, 2020).…”

Macrophytes’ Performance in Floating Treatment Wetlands for the Remediation of Ciprofloxacin‐Contaminated Water

“…These macrophytes were chosen due to their availability in the natural wetlands of Pakistan and their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. [25,[30][31][32][33]…”